学习笔记-----循环双链表
最近在自学数据结构下面的程序是《数据结构C++语言描述》任燕编著 清华大学出版中的范例程序
小弟只不过是改遍了一下，让程序可以正常运行，此外小弟还重载了输出运算符，想更加方便的输出链表中的每个结点的数据域，要是有什么错误的还请大神指针，
这个帖子就是一个学习笔记，没有什么技术含量，小弟也想写一些好的技术贴，但是爬爬妹子图啥的都被写烂了，最近在自学小甲鱼的Windows程序设计，希望以后可以有更多的想法和写出应用数据结构后更好的程序，到时候小弟希望也可以写出像其他大神一样的技术贴，可以更好的和鱼油们研讨技术。
#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <stdbool.h>
#include <cstdbool>
#include <assert.h>
using namespace std;
template <typename elemtype>
class DoubleLinkList{
public:
class LinkNode{
public:
elemtype data;
LinkNode *next;//后继指针
LinkNode *prior;//前驱指针
};
typedef LinkNode* NodePointer;
//置空
void clear();
//删除链表中数据域为e的第一个结点
void deleteElem(elemtype e);
//取循环双链表的第i个结点的数据域
elemtype getElem(int i);
//求链表的结点的个数
int getLength();
//在第i个结点前插入数据域为e的结点
void insert(int i, elemtype e);
//判断链表是否为空
bool isEmpty();
//返回数据域为e的第一个结点的指针
void locateElem(elemtype find_e, NodePointer& r);//NodePointer& r为引用变量
//返回结点后继的数据域
elemtype nextElem(elemtype e);
//从在赋值运算符
DoubleLinkList operator=(DoubleLinkList other);
//返回某结点的前驱的数据域
elemtype priorElem(elemtype e);
//构造函数
DoubleLinkList();
//拷贝构造函数
DoubleLinkList(DoubleLinkList<elemtype> &other);
//析构函数
virtual ~DoubleLinkList();
template <typename out_put>
friend ostream& operator <<(ostream& out, DoubleLinkList<out_put> &other);
protected:
NodePointer head;
};
template <typename elemtype>
void DoubleLinkList<elemtype>::clear(){
NodePointer r, p;//预分别指向待删除节点的前驱和待删除结点的指针
if (!head){
return;//若列表为空，则不执行任何操作
}
//回收每个结点空间
//从最后一个节点开始，向前滑动
p = head->prior;//指向最后一个结点
while (p != head){
r = p->prior;//指向待删除结点的前驱
delete p;
p = r;
}
delete p;
head = NULL;
}
template <typename elemtype>
void DoubleLinkList<elemtype>::deleteElem(elemtype e){
NodePointer p;
locateElem(e, p);//使p指向第一个数据域为e的结点
if (head->next == head){
head = NULL;
}
else{
if (p == head){
head = p->next;
}
p->prior->next = p->next;
p->next->prior = p->prior;
}
delete p;
cout << "删除成功" << endl;
}
template <typename elemtype>
elemtype DoubleLinkList<elemtype>::getElem(int i){
int j = 1;
NodePointer p = head;
while (p && p->next != head && j < i){//向后滑动
p = p->next;
j++;
}
if (j == i){
return p->data;
}
}
template <typename elemtype>
int DoubleLinkList<elemtype>::getLength(){
int length = 0;
NodePointer p = head;
while (p){
lenght++;
p = p->next;
if (p == head){
break;//循环双链表的终止方法
}
}
return length;
}
template <typename elemtype>
void DoubleLinkList<elemtype>::insert(int i, elemtype e){
int j = 1;
NodePointer p = head;//指向当前结点的指针,初始化指向head
NodePointer s;//指向带插入结点的指针
while (p&&(j < i)){
p = p->next;
j++;
}
s = new LinkNode;//动态申请空间
assert(s != 0);
s->data = e;
if (i == 1){//如果插入的是第一个结点
if (!head){
head = s->prior = s->next = s;
cout << "首项插入成功" << endl;
return;
}
head = s;
cout << "首项替换成功" << endl;
}
//插入的基本功
p->prior->next = s;
s->prior = p->prior;
p->prior = s;
s->next = p;
cout << "插入成功" << endl;
}
template <typename elemtype>
bool DoubleLinkList<elemtype>::isEmpty(){
return head ? false : true;
}
template <typename elemtype>
void DoubleLinkList<elemtype>::locateElem(elemtype e, NodePointer &r){
NodePointer p = head;
while (p&&p->next &&p->data != e){
p = p->next;
}
if (p->data == e){
r = p;
cout << "成功定位" << endl;
return;
}
else{
cout << "获取失败，该链表中可能没有这个指针" << endl;
return;
}
}
template <typename elemtype>
elemtype DoubleLinkList<elemtype>::nextElem(elemtype e){
NodePointer p = head;
if (locateElem(e, p)){
return p->next->data;//返回后继的数据域
}
else{
cout << "失败" << endl;
return 0;
}
}
//重载赋值运算符
template <typename elemtype>
DoubleLinkList<elemtype> DoubleLinkList<elemtype>::operator =(DoubleLinkList<elemtype> other){
NodePointer p = NULL;
NodePointer rp = other.head;
NodePointer s;//预指向新节点
if (this != &other){
clear();
cout << "11111" << endl;
while (1){
s = new LinkNode;
assert(s != 0);
s->data = rp->data;
if (!head){
head = p = s;
}
//进行链接
p->next = s;
s->prior = p;
p = s;
cout << "22222" << endl;
//向下滑动
rp = rp->next;
if (rp == other.head){
break;
}
}
if (head){
head->prior = p;//形成循环链表
p->next = head;
}
}
return *this;
}
template <typename elemtype>
elemtype DoubleLinkList<elemtype>::priorElem(elemtype e){
NodePointer p;
if (locateElem(e, p)){
return p->prior->data;
}
}
template <typename elemtype>
DoubleLinkList<elemtype>::DoubleLinkList(){
head = NULL;//默认的构造函数就是把头指针置空
}
template <typename elemtype>
DoubleLinkList<elemtype>::~DoubleLinkList(){
clear();
}
template<typename elemtype>
DoubleLinkList<elemtype>::DoubleLinkList(DoubleLinkList<elemtype> &other){
NodePointer p;
NodePointer op = other.head;
NodePointer s;
head = p = NULL;
while (op){
s = new LinkNode;//动态申请空间
assert(s != 0);
s->data = op->data;
if (!head){
head = p = s;
}
//常规操作(`_`!)
p->next = s;
s->prior = p;
p = s;
op = op->next;
if (op == other.head){
break;
}
}
if (head)
{//形成循环链表
head->prior = p;
p->next = head;
}
}
//重载输出运算符
template <typename out_put>
ostream& operator <<(ostream& out, DoubleLinkList<out_put> &other){
DoubleLinkList<out_put>::NodePointer s = other.head;
while (1){
out << s->data << "\t";
s = s->next;
if (s==other.head){
return out;
}
}
}
int main(void){
DoubleLinkList<int> d1;
d1.insert(1, 1);
d1.insert(2, 2);
d1.insert(3, 3);
cout << "d1为:";
cout << d1 << endl;
DoubleLinkList<int> d2;
for (int i = 1; i < 11; i++){
d2.insert(i, i);
}
cout << "d2为:";
cout << d2 << endl;
d1 = d2;//检验赋值运算符的重载
cout << "d1:::::::" << endl;
cout << d1 << endl;
DoubleLinkList<int> d3(d2);//检验拷贝构造函数
cout << "d3::::::::" << endl;
cout << d3 << endl;
return 0;
}
by the way ，运行程序的时候会看到有一些什么111111 和222222之类的，那个是我在测试赋值运算符的时候写的，可以忽略{:10_266:}
{:5_100:}你这哪是新手啊
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