指针逆序
%5Burl=https://imgse.com/i/z8I8XV%5Dhttps://s1.ax1x.com/2022/11/23/z8I8XV.pngtypedef int datatype;
typedef struct node
{
datatype data;
struct node *next;
}linklist;
INVERT(linklist *head)
{
linklist *p,*q;
p=head->next;
if(p!=NULL)
{
head->next=NULL;
do
{
q=p->next;
p->next=head->next;
head->next=p;
p=q;
}
while(p!=NULL);
}
}
这个逆序怎么实现的啊,没咋看懂 本帖最后由 jackz007 于 2022-11-23 19:55 编辑
void INVERT(linklist ** head) // head 头结点指针肯定会被修改,所以,这里应该传入二级指针
{
linklist * p , * q , * next ;
for(p = * head , q = NULL ; p ;) {
next = p -> next // 保存下一个节点信息,准备改变 p -> next 指针,
p -> next = q ; // 让 p -> next 指向上一个遍历的节点,如果是原来的头结点,那么,q = NULL,成为新的尾节点
q = p ; // 让 p 成为前一个节点,准备进入下一个节点
p = next ; // 进入下一个节点,如果是原来的尾节点,那么,p = NULL,q 就是新的头结点
}
* head = q ; // 循环结束后,q 自然就是新的头结点,必须把新的头结点指针返回主程序
}
完整程序请参考此帖:https://fishc.com.cn/forum.php?mod=redirect&goto=findpost&ptid=221095&pid=6058652 小甲鱼老师的课后作业答案
这是代码
struct Node *reversed(struct Node *head)
{
struct Node *pre;
struct Node *cur;
pre = NULL;
cur = head;
while(cur)
{
struct Node *next = cur->next;
cur->next = pre;
pre = cur;
cur = next;
}
return pre;
}
链接:
https://fishc.com.cn/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=85453&extra=page%3D2%26filter%3Dtypeid%26typeid%3D570 最简单的方法,对链表逆序遍历,然后把每一个元素都添加到另一个新链表里面
这很简单,但是效率不高
sh-5.1$ ls
list.c list.h main.c
sh-5.1$ cat main.c
#include "list.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
void output(const list_t *list) {
for(size_t i = 0; i < list_size(list); ++i) {
size_t temp; list_get(list, i, &temp, sizeof(temp));
printf("%zu ", temp);
}
puts("");
}
list_t *list_reverse(const list_t *list, size_t elem_size) {
list_t *result = list_init();
for(size_t i = list_size(list) - 1; i != -1; --i) {
uint8_t buff;
list_get(list, i, buff, elem_size);
list_append(result, buff, elem_size);
}
return result;
}
int main(void) {
list_t *list = list_init();
for(size_t i = 1; i <= 10; ++i) {
list_append(list, &i, sizeof(i));
}
list_t *lr = list_reverse(list, sizeof(size_t));
output(list);
output(lr);
list_deinit(lr);
list_deinit(list);
return 0;
}
sh-5.1$ cat list.h
#ifndef _LIST_H_
#define _LIST_H_
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
struct list_node_tag {
void *data; size_t size;
struct list_node_tag *next;
};
typedef struct {
struct list_node_tag *head;
size_t size;
} list_t;
list_t *list_init(void);
void list_deinit(list_t *list);
bool list_clean(list_t *list);
bool list_insert(list_t *list, size_t index, const void *data, size_t size);
bool list_delete(list_t *list, size_t index);
bool list_get(const list_t *list, size_t index, void *data, size_t size);
bool list_set(list_t *list, size_t index, const void *data, size_t size);
bool list_append(list_t *list, const void *data, size_t size);
size_t list_size(const list_t *list);
bool list_empty(const list_t *list);
#endif
sh-5.1$ cat list.c
#include "list.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <memory.h>
list_t *list_init(void) {
list_t *list = malloc(sizeof(*list));
if(!list) return NULL;
list->head = NULL;
list->size = 0;
return list;
}
void list_deinit(list_t *list) {
if(!list) return;
list_clean(list);
free(list);
}
bool list_clean(list_t *list) {
if(!list) return false;
while(!list_empty(list)) if(!list_delete(list, 0)) return false;
return true;
}
bool list_insert(list_t *list, size_t index, const void *data, size_t size) {
if(!list) return false;
if(list_size(list) < index) return false;
if(!data) return false;
struct list_node_tag **current = &list->head;
while(index--) current = &(*current)->next;
struct list_node_tag *node = malloc(sizeof(*node));
if(!node) return false;
node->data = malloc(size);
if(!node->data) {free(node); return false;}
memcpy(node->data, data, size);
node->size = size;
node->next = *current;
*current = node;
++list->size;
return true;
}
bool list_delete(list_t *list, size_t index) {
if(!list) return false;
if(list_size(list) <= index) return false;
struct list_node_tag **current = &list->head;
while(index--) current = &(*current)->next;
struct list_node_tag *temp = *current;
*current = temp->next;
free(temp->data); free(temp);
--list->size;
return true;
}
bool list_get(const list_t *list, size_t index, void *data, size_t size) {
if(!list) return false;
if(list_size(list) <= index) return false;
if(!data) return false;
struct list_node_tag *const *current = &list->head;
while(index--) current = &(*current)->next;
struct list_node_tag *temp = *current;
if(temp->size > size) return false;
memcpy(data, temp->data, temp->size);
return true;
}
bool list_set(list_t *list, size_t index, const void *data, size_t size) {
bool res = list_delete(list, index);
return res ? list_insert(list, index, data, size) : res;
}
bool list_append(list_t *list, const void *data, size_t size) {
if(!list) return false;
return list_insert(list, list_size(list), data, size);
}
size_t list_size(const list_t *list) {
if(!list) return 0;
return list->size;
}
bool list_empty(const list_t *list) {
if(!list) return true;
return list_size(list) == 0;
}
sh-5.1$ gcc -g -Wall -o main main.c list.c
sh-5.1$ ls
list.c list.h mainmain.c
sh-5.1$ ./main
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
sh-5.1$
这次用递归的方式逆序,效率也不高
其实我是想把逆序链表的函数写到list.c里面的,这样可以直接操作底层结构,效率更高,但是最终还是没有这样做,因为这违背了我写这个代码的初衷,我写这个代码的目的并不是为了效率
因为做了这样的尝试,所以list.c内部的逻辑也发生了有点大的变化,不过对外没有改变,外面是看不到这个变化的,这就是定义良好的接口带来的好处
sh-5.1$ ls
list.c list.h main.c
sh-5.1$ cat main.c
#include "list.h"
#include <stdio.h>
void output(const list_t *list, size_t index) {
if(index >= list_size(list)) return;
size_t temp; list_get(list, index, &temp, sizeof(temp));
printf("%zu ", temp);
output(list, index + 1);
}
list_t *list_reverse(const list_t *list, size_t index) {
if(index >= list_size(list)) return list_init();
list_t *result = list_reverse(list, index + 1);
size_t temp; list_get(list, index, &temp, sizeof(temp));
list_append(result, &temp, sizeof(temp));
return result;
}
int main(void) {
list_t *list = list_init();
for(size_t i = 0; i < 10; ++i) {
list_append(list, &i, sizeof(i));
}
list_t *lr = list_reverse(list, 0);
output(list, 0); puts("");
output(lr, 0); puts("");
list_deinit(lr);
list_deinit(list);
return 0;
}
sh-5.1$ cat list.h
#ifndef _LIST_H_
#define _LIST_H_
#include <stddef.h>
#include <stdbool.h>
struct list_node_tag {
void *data; size_t size;
struct list_node_tag *next;
};
typedef struct {
struct list_node_tag *head;
size_t size;
} list_t;
list_t *list_init(void);
void list_deinit(list_t *list);
bool list_clean(list_t *list);
bool list_insert(list_t *list, size_t index, const void *data, size_t size);
bool list_delete(list_t *list, size_t index);
bool list_get(const list_t *list, size_t index, void *data, size_t size);
bool list_set(list_t *list, size_t index, const void *data, size_t size);
bool list_append(list_t *list, const void *data, size_t size);
size_t list_size(const list_t *list);
bool list_empty(const list_t *list);
#endif
sh-5.1$ cat list.c
#include "list.h"
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
static struct list_node_tag *new_node(const void *data, size_t size) {
struct list_node_tag *result = malloc(sizeof(*result));
if(!result) return NULL;
result->data = malloc(size);
if(!result->data) {free(result); return NULL;}
memcpy(result->data, data, size);
result->size = size;
result->next = NULL;
return result;
}
static void free_node(struct list_node_tag *n) {
free(n->data);
free(n);
}
static struct list_node_tag *const *locate_node_const(const list_t *list, size_t index) {
struct list_node_tag *const *result = &list->head;
while(index--) result = &(*result)->next;
return result;
}
static struct list_node_tag **locate_node(list_t *list, size_t index) {
return (struct list_node_tag **)locate_node_const(list, index);
}
list_t *list_init(void) {
list_t *list = malloc(sizeof(*list));
if(!list) return NULL;
list->head = NULL;
list->size = 0;
return list;
}
void list_deinit(list_t *list) {
if(!list) return;
list_clean(list);
free(list);
}
bool list_clean(list_t *list) {
if(!list) return false;
while(!list_empty(list)) if(!list_delete(list, 0)) return false;
return true;
}
bool list_insert(list_t *list, size_t index, const void *data, size_t size) {
if(!list) return false;
if(list_size(list) < index) return false;
if(!data) return false;
struct list_node_tag **current = locate_node(list, index);
struct list_node_tag *node = new_node(data, size);
if(!node) return false;
node->next = *current;
*current = node;
++list->size;
return true;
}
bool list_delete(list_t *list, size_t index) {
if(!list) return false;
if(list_size(list) <= index) return false;
struct list_node_tag **current = locate_node(list, index);
struct list_node_tag *temp = *current;
*current = temp->next;
free_node(temp);
--list->size;
return true;
}
bool list_get(const list_t *list, size_t index, void *data, size_t size) {
if(!list) return false;
if(list_size(list) <= index) return false;
if(!data) return false;
struct list_node_tag *current = *locate_node_const(list, index);
if(current->size > size) return false;
memcpy(data, current->data, current->size);
return true;
}
bool list_set(list_t *list, size_t index, const void *data, size_t size) {
bool res = list_delete(list, index);
return res ? list_insert(list, index, data, size) : res;
}
bool list_append(list_t *list, const void *data, size_t size) {
if(!list) return false;
return list_insert(list, list_size(list), data, size);
}
size_t list_size(const list_t *list) {
if(!list) return 0;
return list->size;
}
bool list_empty(const list_t *list) {
if(!list) return true;
return list_size(list) == 0;
}
sh-5.1$ gcc -g -Wall -o main main.c list.c
sh-5.1$ ./main
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
sh-5.1$
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