jerryxjr1220 发表于 2017-4-7 11:47:27

python小练习（088）：【番外篇】不用机器学习的方法进行数字校验码的自动识别

本帖最后由 jerryxjr1220 于 2017-4-7 14:33 编辑

前面几章都是介绍利用keras搭建的神经网络进行机器的自动学习。

有鱼油反应，机器学习太复杂了，那么有没有办法不用神经网络进行这样的数字图片的自动识别呢？

答案是有的，我们可以利用kNN（k邻近算法）直接比较数字图片的像素点来进行判别。

先讲原理，比如，我有一张数字图片“2”，那么无论这张图片左偏一点或者右转一点，凡是“2”的图片上的像素点与所有其他“2”的图片的像素点的平方差应该是最小的。当然，这个假设是分类的图片足够简单，太复杂的分类kNN算不了。

我们以python小练习（087）的图片为例，我用kNN算法进行了100组数据的测试，结果如下：
Test0 : Predict X: 0 , Actural is: 0 , Result is: True
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Test1 : Predict X: 1 , Actural is: 1 , Result is: True
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Test2 : Predict X: 2 , Actural is: 2 , Result is: True
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Test3 : Predict X: 3 , Actural is: 3 , Result is: True
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Test4 : Predict X: 4 , Actural is: 4 , Result is: True
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Test5 : Predict X: 5 , Actural is: 5 , Result is: True
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Test6 : Predict X: 6 , Actural is: 6 , Result is: True
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Test7 : Predict X: 7 , Actural is: 7 , Result is: True
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Test8 : Predict X: 8 , Actural is: 8 , Result is: True
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Test9 : Predict X: 9 , Actural is: 9 , Result is: True
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Test10 : Predict X: 9 , Actural is: 0 , Result is: False
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Test11 : Predict X: 1 , Actural is: 1 , Result is: True
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Test12 : Predict X: 2 , Actural is: 2 , Result is: True
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Test13 : Predict X: 3 , Actural is: 3 , Result is: True
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Test14 : Predict X: 4 , Actural is: 4 , Result is: True
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Test15 : Predict X: 5 , Actural is: 5 , Result is: True
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Test16 : Predict X: 6 , Actural is: 6 , Result is: True
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Test17 : Predict X: 7 , Actural is: 7 , Result is: True
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Test18 : Predict X: 8 , Actural is: 8 , Result is: True
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Test19 : Predict X: 9 , Actural is: 9 , Result is: True
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Test20 : Predict X: 0 , Actural is: 0 , Result is: True
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Test21 : Predict X: 1 , Actural is: 1 , Result is: True
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Test22 : Predict X: 2 , Actural is: 2 , Result is: True
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Test23 : Predict X: 3 , Actural is: 3 , Result is: True
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Test24 : Predict X: 4 , Actural is: 4 , Result is: True
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Test25 : Predict X: 5 , Actural is: 5 , Result is: True
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Test26 : Predict X: 6 , Actural is: 6 , Result is: True
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Test27 : Predict X: 7 , Actural is: 7 , Result is: True
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Test28 : Predict X: 8 , Actural is: 8 , Result is: True
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Test29 : Predict X: 9 , Actural is: 9 , Result is: True
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Test30 : Predict X: 9 , Actural is: 0 , Result is: False
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Test31 : Predict X: 1 , Actural is: 1 , Result is: True
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Test32 : Predict X: 2 , Actural is: 2 , Result is: True
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Test33 : Predict X: 3 , Actural is: 3 , Result is: True
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Test34 : Predict X: 4 , Actural is: 4 , Result is: True
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Test35 : Predict X: 5 , Actural is: 5 , Result is: True
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Test36 : Predict X: 6 , Actural is: 6 , Result is: True
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Test37 : Predict X: 7 , Actural is: 7 , Result is: True
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Test38 : Predict X: 8 , Actural is: 8 , Result is: True
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Test39 : Predict X: 9 , Actural is: 9 , Result is: True
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Test40 : Predict X: 0 , Actural is: 0 , Result is: True
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Test41 : Predict X: 1 , Actural is: 1 , Result is: True
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Test42 : Predict X: 2 , Actural is: 2 , Result is: True
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Test43 : Predict X: 3 , Actural is: 3 , Result is: True
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Test44 : Predict X: 4 , Actural is: 4 , Result is: True
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Test45 : Predict X: 5 , Actural is: 5 , Result is: True
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Test46 : Predict X: 6 , Actural is: 6 , Result is: True
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Test47 : Predict X: 7 , Actural is: 7 , Result is: True
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Test48 : Predict X: 8 , Actural is: 8 , Result is: True
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Test49 : Predict X: 9 , Actural is: 9 , Result is: True
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Test50 : Predict X: 9 , Actural is: 0 , Result is: False
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Test51 : Predict X: 1 , Actural is: 1 , Result is: True
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Test52 : Predict X: 2 , Actural is: 2 , Result is: True
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Test53 : Predict X: 3 , Actural is: 3 , Result is: True
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Test54 : Predict X: 4 , Actural is: 4 , Result is: True
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Test55 : Predict X: 5 , Actural is: 5 , Result is: True
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Test56 : Predict X: 6 , Actural is: 6 , Result is: True
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Test57 : Predict X: 7 , Actural is: 7 , Result is: True
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Test58 : Predict X: 8 , Actural is: 8 , Result is: True
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Test59 : Predict X: 9 , Actural is: 9 , Result is: True
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Test60 : Predict X: 0 , Actural is: 0 , Result is: True
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Test61 : Predict X: 1 , Actural is: 1 , Result is: True
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Test62 : Predict X: 2 , Actural is: 2 , Result is: True
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Test63 : Predict X: 3 , Actural is: 3 , Result is: True
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Test64 : Predict X: 4 , Actural is: 4 , Result is: True
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Test65 : Predict X: 5 , Actural is: 5 , Result is: True
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Test66 : Predict X: 6 , Actural is: 6 , Result is: True
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Test67 : Predict X: 7 , Actural is: 7 , Result is: True
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Test68 : Predict X: 8 , Actural is: 8 , Result is: True
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Test69 : Predict X: 9 , Actural is: 9 , Result is: True
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Test70 : Predict X: 0 , Actural is: 0 , Result is: True
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Test71 : Predict X: 1 , Actural is: 1 , Result is: True
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Test72 : Predict X: 2 , Actural is: 2 , Result is: True
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Test73 : Predict X: 3 , Actural is: 3 , Result is: True
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Test74 : Predict X: 4 , Actural is: 4 , Result is: True
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Test75 : Predict X: 5 , Actural is: 5 , Result is: True
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Test76 : Predict X: 6 , Actural is: 6 , Result is: True
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Test77 : Predict X: 7 , Actural is: 7 , Result is: True
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Test78 : Predict X: 8 , Actural is: 8 , Result is: True
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Test79 : Predict X: 9 , Actural is: 9 , Result is: True
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Test80 : Predict X: 9 , Actural is: 0 , Result is: False
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Test81 : Predict X: 1 , Actural is: 1 , Result is: True
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Test82 : Predict X: 2 , Actural is: 2 , Result is: True
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Test83 : Predict X: 3 , Actural is: 3 , Result is: True
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Test84 : Predict X: 4 , Actural is: 4 , Result is: True
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Test85 : Predict X: 5 , Actural is: 5 , Result is: True
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Test86 : Predict X: 6 , Actural is: 6 , Result is: True
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Test87 : Predict X: 7 , Actural is: 7 , Result is: True
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Test88 : Predict X: 8 , Actural is: 8 , Result is: True
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Test89 : Predict X: 9 , Actural is: 9 , Result is: True
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Test90 : Predict X: 0 , Actural is: 0 , Result is: True
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Test91 : Predict X: 1 , Actural is: 1 , Result is: True
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Test92 : Predict X: 2 , Actural is: 2 , Result is: True
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Test93 : Predict X: 3 , Actural is: 3 , Result is: True
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Test94 : Predict X: 4 , Actural is: 4 , Result is: True
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Test95 : Predict X: 5 , Actural is: 5 , Result is: True
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Test96 : Predict X: 6 , Actural is: 6 , Result is: True
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Test97 : Predict X: 7 , Actural is: 7 , Result is: True
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Test98 : Predict X: 8 , Actural is: 8 , Result is: True
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Test99 : Predict X: 9 , Actural is: 9 , Result is: True
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可以看到，100组数据中有4组错误，其他96组都正确，正确率达到96%。
而且错误的都是把“9”和“0”搞错了（确实“9”和“0”如果加上旋转的话，是会比较像的）。

源代码及注解如下：（源代码中，除了numpy和PIL，没有用掉任何第三方库，也不需要使用神经网络）
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WylLy 发表于 2017-4-7 14:58:28

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新手·ing 发表于 2017-4-10 19:48:14

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z215229525 发表于 2017-5-21 23:28:40

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Py小学生 发表于 2017-6-26 10:49:08

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小锟 发表于 2017-7-31 21:54:42

学习

kuanglu 发表于 2018-1-17 10:35:31

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daoyuantech 发表于 2018-5-29 15:51:02

学习学习

wandyking 发表于 2018-7-18 22:31:59

特意过来学习python， 同时学习神经网络， 最近要用到

littlebozi 发表于 2019-7-10 11:16:48

go

15563391379 发表于 2019-7-11 16:37:58

回复

苟或dd 发表于 2019-7-11 16:54:44

看看

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看看

luodua 发表于 2019-7-19 09:33:38

谢谢分享，支持

老甲鱼与小甲鱼 发表于 2019-11-13 10:22:20

xx

卡了吧 发表于 2020-7-8 17:20:02

看看

青出于蓝 发表于 2021-7-14 19:08:02

学习
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