零基础学习python第20课课后动动手1题求助

katamail

题目是：

1. 请用已学过的知识编写程序，找出小甲鱼藏在下边这个长字符串中的密码，密码的埋藏点符合以下规律：Y5d|MAp
Y5d|MAp
    a) 每位密码为单个小写字母Powered by bbs.fishc.com
    b) 每位密码的左右两边均有且只有三个大写字母qH{]*ZR
Suj|vEA'h<^1eF]7i*(tbZU+$H yx
（由于我们还没有学习到文件读取方法，大家下载后拷贝过去即可）9zk3R(q{
OtqD;C?r0kwco" R#A%BLTWFQ)
请下载字符串文件：  string2.zip (6.17 KB, 下载次数: 27505)





我的代码是：

str1 = '''ACFlCTLIQlAIVMTqHFkswqbDDHtpgcWaXSSglUYKE
lqNsYCyaQXBzrFUbkAUAWAKrDgDtAlGMBqWQhpEwquZqWZJpslUfMllCwWptqINjrOBTLuPzwvXNbLCx
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qKWGc'''
str2 = []
length = len(str1)








for i in range(3, (length-3)):
     strQ = str1[(i-3):i]       #取str1中i的前三位组成一个列表
     strH = str1[i:(i+3)]       #取str1中i的后三位组成一个列表
     if str1[i].islower():      #判断i位置是小写字母
        if strQ.isupper() and strH.isupper():       #且i的前三位与后三位都是大写字母
              str2.append(str1[i])                                    #将i代表的小写字母添加到字符串str2中去

print(str2)
            

        
      
代码输出结果是[]

请问是哪里有问题？？？

从逻辑上是首先判断i位置的字符是小写字母，然后直接判断其前后三位字符串（组成的列表）是否全部为大写字母，

然后就条件成立的i位置字符添加到str2

最后打印

一直没想起清楚，求助，谢谢~~

笨鸟学飞

按你的算法，存在如下错误：
===>错误1：

str2 = []
length = len(str1)
for i in range(3, (length-3)):
     strQ = str1[(i-3):i]      
     strH = str1[(i+1):(i+4)]       # 切片包左不包右
     if str1[i].islower():      # 粗心可不是好习惯
        if strQ.isupper() and strH.isupper():      
              str2.append(str1[i])                     
print(str2)

====>错误2：
算法中未考虑有且只有
因此按你的思路，你应该把前3，后3切片，再判断前4和后4是否小写，同时还要考虑到判断是否位于边界

katamail

笨鸟学飞 发表于 2020-12-9 02:20
按你的算法，存在如下错误：
===>错误1：

非常感谢帮助，在您的提示下，对代码进行了调整：

str1 = '''ACFlCTLIQlAIVMTqHFkswqbDDHtpgcWaXSSglUYKE
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qKWGc'''
str2 = []
length = len(str1)


for i in range(3, (length-3), 1):
        strQ = str1[(i-3):i]
        strH = str1[(i+1):(i+4)]
        if (str1[i] != '\n') and (str1[i].islower()):                       
                                          
                        if i == 3:
                                if str1[i+4].islower():
                                        if strQ.isupper() and strH.isupper():
                                                str2.append(str1[i])
                                                
                                                print(i,  strQ, strH)
                                                
                        elif  i == (length-4):
                                if str1[i-4].islower() :
                                        if strQ.isupper() and strH.isupper():
                                                str2.append(str1[i])
                                                print(i,  strQ, strH)
                        

                        else:
                                if str1[i-4].islower() and str1[i+4].islower():
                                        if strQ.isupper() and strH.isupper():
                                                str2.append(str1[i])
                                                print(i,  strQ, strH)
                        
               
                                               
str3 = ''
print(str3.join(str2))
            

        
最后字符串打印结果是：

>>> uilovefisdhc

与答案还是有出入   

然后我将所有输出元素在原字符串中的位置和其前后切片列表打印出来如下：

>>>447 IY
ABN
473 DSK JKL
890 TJN HZY
1371 SKL IOS
1698 TUP OCP
1930 IEK GGG
2350 HIR DBY
3380 BGT ABT
4048 IOK DPO
4578
WF ZNR
5490 JFF CSV
7594 NTL AEI

检查后仔细思考，发现可能是内置函数str.islower()或str.isupper()对大小写字母的认定包含了换行符'\n'

小心验证后发现果然如此，比如：

>>>a ='''
ab'''

>>>a.islower()           #此处我认为应该输出False
Ture             #但实际输出True

这应该怎么搞，还望不吝赐教~~