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发表于 2022-12-8 21:16:36
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Of course, this does not mean that there are no good translators and translations in China, nor does it mean that we cannot learn by reading the translations. It means that indirect reading through other people's translation is risky. If you can master computer English and use first-hand original materials to learn, in addition to efficiency, the risk of being misled is small. For example, the poor translation level of a good foreign book "Java Programming Ideas" (the original title of the book "Think in Java") introduced in China has seriously affected reading and learning. Many readers have a deep understanding. If you have excellent computer English, you can download the original text according to the author's website provided on the book. You can not only get the original feeling, but also download the latest second edition of the book for free.
Therefore, we can come to the conclusion that the job of programmer is really inseparable from English. In fact, it is no exaggeration to say that English is the industry language of IT. Because of the advantage of English, the software industry in India, Ireland and other countries is more competitive than us in the world. This does not mean that our programmers are inferior to others in programming and development ability, but that there is a big gap in the use of computer English. Not long ago, at a high-level software development exchange meeting held in Nanjing, I met the situation that Indian experts gave lectures and English translation could not go on. Because of too many IT terms and abbreviations and strong professional knowledge, English majors without computer background were unable to translate, and the developers present were unable to communicate directly with Indian experts because of language barriers, I missed an excellent exchange and learning opportunity. Now, more and more programmers have realized the importance of computer English. On the one hand, this pressure comes from the need to further develop to senior programmers or senior IT developers, on the other hand, it comes from the threat of rising stars constantly competing. For the former, without good computer English, it is difficult to further develop and promote to a higher technical position; For the latter, many universities have begun to use original textbooks for professional teaching. The computer English level of graduates is really formidable, and the challenges are self-evident.
So, how should a programmer learn and master computer English? Do you want to memorize the English Chinese computer dictionary immediately, or do you want to take the CET-6 test before taking the "G" test? In fact, after making a decision, the most important thing is to figure out the six Ws: why, what, how, when, where and with whom. Let's talk about these six Ws
The first is why we should learn computer English. Almost all programmers know the importance of learning computer English, but not everyone has the initiative to learn. This question is to let us start from our own needs and master the initiative of learning. Once you have a strong motivation for learning, you will never admit that you have given in to any difficulties in learning, and every bit of your progress will bring you a sense of great pride.
What do you learn by rote? Or is it grammar? Actually, none of them. The study of computer English is a systematic project, which needs to find a learning goal suitable for itself and integrate vocabulary, grammar, reading and writing. In programmer's terms, the question of "what to learn" is essentially a question of "determining system boundaries". Learning computer English is a very broad concept. If it is not defined according to the specific situation of individuals, it may be difficult to have a learning goal that can be managed. Projects with no goals or unclear boundaries are often failed projects, as is the case with learning computer English. Therefore, we should first define the system boundary of computer English learning according to our actual English level and work needs. With regard to the actual English level, we can simply take the English education of non English majors as a reference, and take the passing of College English Test Band 4 (CET4) as a baseline. That is, if you pass CET4, it means that your English level is intermediate and advanced, your vocabulary is nearly 5000, there is no basic grammar problem, and you have a certain ability to read and write; If you fail to pass CET4, it means that your English level is at the beginning and intermediate level, your vocabulary is less than 4000, there may be some grammar problems, and your reading and writing ability is weak. As for work needs, we can divide computer English learning objects into computer R&D personnel and pan IT personnel. Among them, computer R&D personnel refer to professionals engaged in computer research and development. They are divided into software R&D and hardware R&D. Obviously, programmers belong to the former. Computer R&D personnel should master the most professional computer English with the highest requirements, but the software and hardware have their own emphasis. Pan IT personnel refer to those non R&D personnel working in or closely related to the IT industry, including operators, technical managers, support service personnel, etc. It is not difficult to see that Pan IT personnel do not have too high or professional requirements for computer English. Generally, software with English interface can be used and the original operation manual and instructions can be read. In view of the above division, I roughly give the learning objectives of computer English in the following table:
Learning Objectives of Computer English
Junior middle and senior IT professionals master the basic terms of computer English; Understand the common grammar and usage in computer English; Can read English interface, online help and simple operation manual with the help of dictionary, and read 70-90 words/minute. Master common terms and abbreviations of computer English; Master the expression and function of grammar and usage in computer English; Be able to read English documents and technical materials with the help of dictionaries, and be familiar with reading more than 100 words/minute; Be able to write simple documents in English.
Computer R&D personnel master common terms and abbreviations of computer English; Familiar with computer English grammar and usage; Able to read English interface, online help and simple operation manual, 80-100 words/minute. Master a large number of computer English terms and abbreviations; Master the expression and function of grammar and usage in computer English; Be able to read English documents and technical materials, and read more than 100 words/minute; Be able to translate professional technical books with the help of dictionaries; Be able to write simple technical documents and program notes in English.
Know yourself and your enemy, and you will never be defeated in a hundred battles. After understanding the general requirements for learning computer English, we need to make a specific analysis of our specific situation, develop a learning plan or simply determine a learning direction. As a programmer, the fundamental purpose of learning computer English is to improve his ability to master computer technology in an English environment, so the content of learning should focus on the field of his specialty. For programmers who have not taken the computer professional English course, the focus of learning should be to master professional vocabulary and terminology, and to understand some standard translations and idioms of computer English. For programmers who have a certain foundation in computer English, they should focus on improving the reading speed and quality, and gradually get used to writing documents with English annotation programs.
After clarifying the learning purpose and direction, we must also have a good learning method. "How to learn" is a problem of learning methods. This also includes a series of questions such as when, where and with whom to learn. Here I suggest combining short-term systematic learning with long-term daily learning, which is the most effective and scientific. The so-called short-term systematic learning refers to the systematic learning of computer English for a period of time, which is particularly important for programmers who have not participated in college computer English courses. And daily learning refers to the conscious use of computer English in daily work, learning while using, and continuous accumulation and improvement. Let me talk about these two aspects in detail.
To learn computer English systematically, it is best to attend a special computer English course training class. The selection of training classes is very important, and good teachers, successful school running experience and systematic curriculum are important basis for selection. However, most programmers are busy with their work, and most of the possible ways are self-study. If you can't choose a good teacher, you can only choose a good textbook. A good computer English textbook is of great help to the systematic study of computer English. At present, there are as many as 30 kinds of computer English textbooks on the market, and many programmers often have no way to choose textbooks. You may consider the following aspects:
The difficulty of teaching materials -- There are different teaching materials for different educational levels. When choosing a teaching material, you must see whether the training object of the teaching material is technical secondary school, college, undergraduate or graduate. Choose a textbook that is suitable for your own degree of difficulty. If it is too simple, it is not conducive to improvement, and if it is too difficult, it is easy to make learning frustrated.
The teaching materials focus on the major -- some computer English textbooks focus on hardware, some focus on software, and some textbooks focus on information electronic computer English, focusing on communication electronics, such as assembly language, single-chip microcomputer, etc. Other textbooks focus on theory, such as: data structure, discrete mathematics; Others focus on applications, such as software engineering and database development. Therefore, when choosing computer English textbooks, programmers should carefully observe the contents of the books to avoid deviating from the actual work needs of software development.
System structure of teaching materials -- At present, computer English teaching materials are mainly divided into two structures: organized according to grammar system and organized according to computer system. The former is recommended if you are a junior middle school student, and the latter is recommended if you are a senior middle school student.
Ease of use of textbooks -- Ease of use of textbooks refers to whether the arrangement of textbooks conforms to people's learning habits. Although computer English is a teaching material for professional courses, if it is lively, illustrated, and easy to access notes, it will certainly arouse the interest in learning and reduce the difficulty of reading. In this regard, domestic textbooks should learn more from foreign textbooks.
However, computer English courses in many universities in China started relatively late as professional English teaching, and most of the computer English textbooks published in the early days were from computer English materials collected by teachers. The textbook planning was not systematic and the arrangement was relatively simple. Although these textbooks are used by many schools and have made indelible contributions to early computer English teaching, the fatal weakness is that the content is outdated and out of touch with the times. The most typical representative is Computer English published by Tsinghua University Press. The latest version of the book was updated in 1997, and it is also full of old content such as Dos. Some teachers are suffering from the lack of new and practical computer English textbooks, so a foreign computer primer, Computing Essentials (McGraw Hill Publishing Company), has been selected as a computer English textbook by many universities with excellent results. This book has been photocopied and distributed by the Higher Education Press. The title of the book is Computer Professional English. The characteristics of the book are: strong timeliness (the version is updated quickly), novel and practical, and lively arrangement. However, it is too shallow for professional developers with intermediate and advanced English proficiency.
On the basis of analyzing and studying a large number of computer English textbooks on the market, and combining our experience in computer English teaching and learning, we have compiled a book, Computer English, which is very suitable for software developers. The book has been published by the Mechanical Industry Press and is one of the "computer textbooks for key universities" series of the press. It should be noted that the most suitable target audience of this book is programmers who have reached CET4 in English. Because the materials of this book are directly from foreign computer textbooks and publications, technical documents and professional papers, comments of IT elites, and encyclopedias in computer science, such materials can make learners more exposed to the real context and mainstream ideas of computer English while maintaining their original taste, But very practical and professional. At the same time, in order to facilitate learning, we have annotated the vocabulary beyond CET4 and some professional terms, and the annotations are next to the text, eliminating the trouble of looking up the new word list. Another important reason why this book is suitable for programmers is that it focuses on software and applications, without tedious theories. Computer English is used to learn professional English, not to learn computer theory. We do not like other computer English textbooks, which are filled with a large number of difficult to understand computer theory articles, and these theories themselves are very difficult to learn. What makes this textbook different from other computer English textbooks is that it pays more attention to computer literacy, computer application and the profound impact of IT on society and life. Here we can listen to Bill, the IT elite. Gates and IBM CEO Gerstner's wonderful speeches can also read the preface to Grove, the former president of Intel Corporation, who wrote the amazing book "Only paranoia can survive".
Systematically learn computer English. The systematicness here includes the systematicness of computer system and English language. We must always keep it in mind when learning. In addition to systematically understanding the English expressions and professional vocabulary in computer hardware and software, operating system, software engineering, programming language, network communication, information security, application system and other aspects with the help of computer English textbooks, efforts should also be made to the English language itself from the four aspects of listening, speaking, reading and writing to avoid partial neglect. Some programmers are biased in listening and speaking, which affects their development abroad. How to strengthen the training of listening and speaking is a topic about English learning. One of my own experiences is to watch more original movies (VCD/DVD) to improve listening (of course, I can't watch subtitles), and to participate in English chat (English corner) to improve oral English.
The study of computer English is different from the test of "G", which can not be completed by a short surprise. Long term daily study is particularly important. The so-called daily study does not require you to put aside your work and arrange special time, but to learn while using. For example, you can refer to English help or technical materials to solve a problem in programming. However, many programmers don't like reading English very much. They like to use Chinese software, like Chinese help, and like to read translated books. This actually misses many opportunities to learn computer English everyday. It is undeniable that reading Chinese is certainly more convenient and time saving than reading English, but from a long-term perspective, the disadvantages outweigh the advantages. This dependence on translation has deprived many programmers of valuable opportunities to obtain first-hand information.
In fact, since you have mastered a certain amount of professional vocabulary through systematic learning of computer English, you can use the original materials and online help with the help of dictionaries. In addition, with tools like Kingsoft PowerWord, it is not very difficult to read the original text. The key is a habit problem. I have a friend who never installs any Chinese version or Chinese software on his computer. He even insists on using English for chatting on the Internet. In the past few years, English has made rapid progress, and the effect is very good. Those who are ambitious might as well have a try.
Reading a lot of English books and materials in daily work is the best way to improve computer English. At present, a large number of original computer photocopies on the market provide us with excellent opportunities. Reading English computer books is a "gnawing" feeling at the beginning, which is time-consuming and laborious. For places that are not easy to read, you can pick up a pen to translate them line by line,
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发表于 2022-7-31 23:06:10