Python：每日一题 139

冬雪雪冬

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题目：
已有一个由小到大数字组成列表，
list1 = [3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153, 158, 163, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262, 265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]
要求将数字是列表中其他数字倍数的剔除，如15， 24是3的倍数，就将15，24去除，14，21是7的倍数，就将14，21去除。注意数字仅是其本身的1倍，如3是3的1倍，是不需要去除的，否则最后的列表就成空的了。
要求给出最后剩余的列表。

shigure_takimi

1. list1 = [3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153, 158, 163, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262, 265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]
   
2. 
   
3. # 方法1：
   
4. 
   
5. length = len(list1)
   
6. result = [list1[0]]
   
7. for index in range(1, length):
   
8.     for i in list1[:index]:
   
9.         if list1[index] % i == 0:
   
10.             break
    
11.     else:
    
12.         result.append(list1[index])
    
13. print(result)
    
14. 
    
15. # 方法2：
    
16. for i in list1[1:]:
    
17.     for j in list1[:list1.index(i)]:
    
18.         if i % j == 0:
    
19.             list1.remove(i)
    
20.             break
    
21. print(list1)
    
22. 
    
23. #  [3, 7, 10, 11, 17, 19, 26, 32, 41, 43, 53, 74, 103, 107, 116, 142, 158, 163, 173, 179, 181, 188, 218, 235, 239, 248, 251, 262, 278, 292, 295, 305, 313, 317, 332, 334, 347, 355, 365, 368, 377, 445, 466]
    
24. 
    
25. #  list1 = list(range(3,10000))时，方法1耗时2.84秒，方法2耗时0.98秒。
    
26. #  list1 = list(range(3,50000))时，方法1耗时59.98秒，方法2耗时17.06秒。
    
27. #  list1 = list(range(3,100000))时，方法1耗时272.97秒，方法2耗时70.5 秒。
    
28. #  我好有耐心呀。

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空巷无人故人叹

1. list1 = [3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153, 158, 163, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262, 265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]
   
2. number = len(list1)
   
3. answer = []
   
4. def prime(a):
   
5.     for i in range(2,a):
   
6.         if a % i == 0:
   
7.             return False
   
8.     return True
   
9. 
   
10. for i in range(0,number-1):
    
11.     b = prime(list1[i])
    
12.     if b :
    
13.         answer.append(list1[i])
    
14. list1 = answer
    
15. print(list1)
    

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jerryxjr1220

1. list1 = [3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153, 158, 163, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262, 265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]
   
2. from functools import reduce
   
3. print(sorted(list(reduce((lambda a,b:a&b), (set(list1)-set(range(e*2,495,e)) for e in list1)))))

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[3, 7, 10, 11, 17, 19, 26, 32, 41, 43, 53, 74, 103, 107, 116, 142, 158, 163, 173, 179, 181, 188, 218, 235, 239, 248, 251, 262, 278, 292, 295, 305, 313, 317, 332, 334, 347, 355, 365, 368, 377, 445, 466]

再写个标记法：效率第一

1. def func(lst):
   
2.         import numpy as np
   
3.         num = np.zeros(max(lst)+1,dtype='int8')
   
4.         for i in reversed(lst):
   
5.                 num[i] = 1
   
6.                 num[i+i::i] = 0
   
7.         return np.nonzero(num)[0].tolist()

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这个方法用来筛选质数，效率也是非常高的。

1. list1 = list(range(2,100000))
   
2. print(func(list1))

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10万以下的质数，0.3秒

小黑大人

list1 = [3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153, 158, 163, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262, 265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]
for i in list1:
    for m in list1:
        if i != m:
            if m%i == 0:
                list1.remove(m)

print(list1)

graceasyi

初学者用笨方法，也算是一种学习。
l1=[……]     # l1赋值这里省略了……
l2=l1[:]
l2.reverse()
l3=[]
for i in l2:
        for j in l1:
                if i != j and i%j==0:
                        l3.append(i)
                        break
for i in l3:
        l2.remove(i)
l2.reverse()
print(l2)

结果：
[3, 7, 10, 11, 17, 19, 26, 32, 41, 43, 53, 74, 103, 107, 116, 142, 158, 163, 173, 179, 181, 188, 218, 235, 239, 248, 251, 262, 278, 292, 295, 305, 313, 317, 332, 334, 347, 355, 365, 368, 377, 445, 466]

nononoyes

[3, 7, 10, 11, 17, 19, 26, 32, 39, 41, 43, 48, 53, 74, 103, 107, 116, 142, 158, 163, 173, 179, 181, 188, 216, 218, 235, 239, 248, 251, 262, 278, 292, 295, 305, 313, 317, 332, 334, 347, 355, 365, 368, 377, 417, 445, 466]

OldList=[3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153, 158, 163, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262, 265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]
NewList=[3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153, 158, 163, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262, 265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]

for i in range(len(OldList)):
    print('列表长度：',len(OldList))
    print('i的值：',i)
    for j in range(i+1,len(OldList)):
        print('j的值：',j)
        if(OldList[j]%OldList[i]==0):
            print('被除数：',OldList[i])
            print('除数：',OldList[j])
            NewList.remove(OldList[j])
            print('删除后的数组：',NewList)
            OldList = NewList
            print('列表的长度：',len(OldList))
            print('j+1',j+1)
            if(j+1 >=len(OldList)):
                break
        if(j+1 >=  len(OldList)):
                break
            
    print('-------------------------------------')

shigure_takimi

shigure_takimi 发表于 2018-1-12 15:34

感谢 jerryxjr1220的点评。因为是自学，以前也没学过编程，不知道标记法。我去查一查。

大头目

list1 = [3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153, 158, 163, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262, 265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]
list2 = []
for i in list1:
        n=0
        for j in range(3,500):
                if (i % j) == 0:
                        n+=1
        if n==1:
                list2.append(i)
print(list2)

haixiaotian

1. def delete_element(old_list):
   
2.         new_list = old_list[:]
   
3.         for i in new_list:
   
4.                 for j in new_list:
   
5.                         if (i%j == 0) and (i!=j):
   
6.                                 old_list.remove(i)
   
7.                                 break        ####
   
8.         return old_list
   
9. list1 = [3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153, 158, 163, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262, 265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]
   
10. out = delete_element(list1)
    
11. print(out)

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编程新血

'''一个2重循环'''

list1 = [3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153, 158, 163, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262, 265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]
list2 = []
while list1:
    '''弹出第一个数字进入list2'''
    num = list1.pop(0)
    list2.append(num)
   
    '''在list1中消去该数字的倍数'''
    for i in range(num*2,495,num):
        if i in list1:
            list1.remove(i)
print(list2)

solomonxian

直接算出所有倍数，然后用差集处理

1. def fun(lst):
   
2.     result = set(lst)
   
3.     for num in lst:
   
4.         multiple = {num * i for i in range(2, lst[-1]//num + 1)}
   
5.         result -= multiple
   
6.     return sorted(result)

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求余处理

1. def fun2(lst):
   
2.     result = lst[:]
   
3.     for i in lst:
   
4.         for j in lst[lst.index(i)+1:]:
   
5.             if not j%i and j in result:
   
6.                 result.remove(j)
   
7.     return result

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wyp02033

1. def remove_multiple(ls):
   
2.     max_multiple = max(ls) // min(ls)
   
3.     i = 0
   
4.     while True:
   
5.         num = ls[i]
   
6.         for j in range(2, max_multiple):
   
7.             num_multiple = num * j
   
8.             if num_multiple in ls:
   
9.                 ls.remove(num_multiple)
   
10.             elif num_multiple > max(ls):
    
11.                 break
    
12.         i += 1
    
13.         if i == len(ls) - 1:
    
14.             return ls
    
15. 
    
16. 
    
17. 
    
18. if __name__ == '__main__':
    
19.    
    
20.     ls = [
    
21.         3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43,
    
22.         45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153, 158, 163, 171,
    
23.         173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253,
    
24.         258, 262, 265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365,
    
25.         366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494
    
26.     ]
    
27.     print(remove_multiple(ls))
    
28.    

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结果：[3, 7, 10, 11, 17, 19, 26, 32, 41, 43, 53, 74, 103, 107, 116, 142, 158, 163, 173, 179, 181, 188, 218, 235, 239, 248, 251, 262, 278, 292, 295, 305, 313, 317, 332, 334, 347, 355, 365, 368, 377, 445, 466]

久疤K

1. def fun(mlist):
   
2.     t = []
   
3.     for x in mlist:
   
4.         f = True
   
5.         for y in t:
   
6.             if x % y == 0:
   
7.                 f = False
   
8.                 break
   
9.         if f:
   
10.             t.append(x)
    
11.     return t
    
12. 
    
13. def main():
    
14.     mlist = [3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39,
    
15.             41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153,
    
16.             158, 163, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239,
    
17.             248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262, 265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347,
    
18.             355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459,
    
19.             466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]
    
20.    
    
21.     t = fun(mlist)
    
22.     print(t)
    
23. 
    
24. if __name__ == "__main__":
    
25.     main()
    

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结果:

1. [3, 7, 10, 11, 17, 19, 26, 32, 41, 43, 53, 74, 103, 107, 116, 142, 158, 163, 173, 179, 181, 188, 218, 235, 239, 248, 251, 262, 278, 292, 295, 305, 313, 317, 332, 334, 347, 355, 365, 368, 377, 445, 466]

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小菜饼

想了好久，实在想不出来

vite

1. list1 = [3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27,
   
2.          28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74,
   
3.          78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153,
   
4.          158, 163, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204,
   
5.          207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262,
   
6.          265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334,
   
7.          347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414,
   
8.          417, 426,428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]
   
9. list2 = list1 [:]
   
10. def sceen ():
    
11.     for x in list1 :
    
12.         for y in list1[0:list1.index(x)] :
    
13.             if x%y == 0 :
    
14.                 list2.remove(x)
    
15.                 break
    
16.     print (list2)  #最终结果
    
17.                
    
18. sceen()  

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8306最硬

1. def del_multiple(lst):
   
2.     for i in lst:
   
3.         for j in lst:
   
4.             if j % i == 0 and i is not j:
   
5.                 lst.remove(j)
   
6. 
   
7.     return lst
   
8. 
   
9. lst = [3, 7, 10, 11, 17, 19, 26, 32, 39, 41, 43, 48, 53, 74, 103, 107, 116, 142, 158, 163, 173, 179, 181, 188, 216, 218, 235, 239, 248, 251, 262, 278, 292, 295, 305, 313, 317, 332, 334, 347, 355, 365, 368, 377, 417, 445, 466]
   

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aegis1417

1. list1 = [3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45,
   
2.          48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153, 158, 163, 171, 173, 174,
   
3.          175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262,
   
4.          265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301,305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375,
   
5.          377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]
   
6. remove1=[]
   
7. for i in list1:
   
8.     for j in list1:
   
9.         if i!=j and i%j==0:
   
10.             remove1.append(i)
    
11. remove1=list(set(remove1))
    
12. for i in remove1:
    
13.     list1.remove(i)
    
14. print(list1)

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cnkizy

1. list = [3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153, 158, 163, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262, 265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]
   
2. for i in list:
   
3.         for j in list:
   
4.                 if j == i:
   
5.                         continue
   
6.                 if j%i==0:
   
7.                         list.remove(j)
   
8. for i in list:
   
9.         print(i,end=' ')

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时间复杂度O（n2）
结果如有不对 恳请指正

yjsx86

1. list1 = [3, 7, 10, 11, 12, 14, 15, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 24, 26, 27, 28, 30, 32, 34, 35, 36, 39, 41, 42, 43, 45, 48, 49, 53, 64, 74, 78, 80, 88, 90, 91, 95, 96, 103, 107, 116, 142, 148, 152, 153, 158, 163, 171, 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 188, 190, 201, 204, 207, 216, 218, 222, 231, 235, 239, 248, 250, 251, 253, 258, 262, 265, 278, 292, 295, 296, 301, 305, 313, 317, 320, 326, 332, 334, 347, 355, 357, 358, 363, 365, 366, 368, 375, 377, 381, 391, 414, 417, 426, 428, 437, 438, 445, 453, 459, 466, 474, 476, 477, 489, 494]
   
2. 
   
3. def generator():
   
4.     global list1
   
5.     while list1:
   
6.         temp = list1.pop(0)
   
7.         yield temp
   
8.         list1 = [x for x in list1 if x % temp != 0]
   
9. 
   
10. g = generator()
    
11. print([x for x in g])

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