同样的代码在python的IDLE中正常运行，但是在pycharm中运行报错

amoschen

今天在练习python的过程遇到一个问题，就是下面的这段代码，在python自带的IDLE中能够正常运行，但是在pycharm中运行就会报错，有没有大神予以解答的？

---

1. #-*- coding: utf-8 -*-
   
2. #数据规范化
   
3. import pandas as pd
   
4. 
   
5. datafile = 'E:\学习文件\个人学习资料\Python\书籍\《Python数据分析与挖掘实战》源数据和代码' \
   
6.             '\Python-2+|+++÷+d-++=-|++\chapter4\demo\data\discretization_data.xls' #参数初始化
   
7. data = pd.read_excel(datafile) #读取数据
   
8. data = data[u'肝气郁结证型系数'].copy()
   
9. k = 4
   
10. 
    
11. d1 = pd.cut(data, k, labels = range(k)) #等宽离散化，各个类比依次命名为0,1,2,3
    
12. 
    
13. #等频率离散化
    
14. w = [1.0*i/k for i in range(k+1)]
    
15. w = data.describe(percentiles = w)[4:4+k+1] #使用describe函数自动计算分位数
    
16. w[0] = w[0]*(1-1e-10)
    
17. d2 = pd.cut(data, w, labels = range(k))
    
18. 
    
19. from sklearn.cluster import KMeans #引入KMeans
    
20. kmodel = KMeans(n_clusters = k, n_jobs = 4) #建立模型，n_jobs是并行数，一般等于CPU数较好
    
21. kmodel.fit(data.values.reshape((len(data), 1))) #训练模型
    
22. c = pd.DataFrame(kmodel.cluster_centers_).sort_values(0) #输出聚类中心，并且排序（默认是随机序的）
    
23. w = c.rolling(2).mean().iloc[1:] #相邻两项求中点，作为边界点
    
24. w = [0] + list(w[0]) + [data.max()] #把首末边界点加上
    
25. d3 = pd.cut(data, w, labels = range(k))
    
26. 
    
27. def cluster_plot(d, k): #自定义作图函数来显示聚类结果
    
28.   import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    
29.   plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['SimHei'] #用来正常显示中文标签
    
30.   plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus'] = False #用来正常显示负号
    
31.   
    
32.   plt.figure(figsize = (8, 3))
    
33.   for j in range(0, k):
    
34.     plt.plot(data[d==j], [j for i in d[d==j]], 'o')
    
35.   
    
36.   plt.ylim(-0.5, k-0.5)
    
37.   return plt
    
38. 
    
39. cluster_plot(d1, k).show()
    
40. 
    
41. cluster_plot(d2, k).show()
    
42. cluster_plot(d3, k).show()

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以下为pycharm中的报错信息

1. E:\学习文件\个人学习资料\Python\学习代码\environment\Scripts\python.exe E:/学习文件/个人学习资料/Python/书籍/《Python数据分析与挖掘实战》源数据和代码/Python-2+|+++÷+d-++=-|++/chapter4/demo/code/4-3_data_discretization.py
   
2. exception calling callback for <Future at 0xdee9c88 state=finished raised BrokenProcessPool>
   
3. joblib.externals.loky.process_executor._RemoteTraceback:
   
4. '''
   
5. Traceback (most recent call last):
   
6.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\process_executor.py", line 391, in _process_worker
   
7.     call_item = call_queue.get(block=True, timeout=timeout)
   
8.   File "D:\python\lib\multiprocessing\queues.py", line 99, in get
   
9.     if not self._rlock.acquire(block, timeout):
   
10. PermissionError: [WinError 5] 拒绝访问。
    
11. '''
    
12. 
    
13. The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
    
14. 
    
15. Traceback (most recent call last):
    
16.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\_base.py", line 625, in _invoke_callbacks
    
17.     callback(self)
    
18.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 340, in __call__
    
19.     self.parallel.dispatch_next()
    
20.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 769, in dispatch_next
    
21.     if not self.dispatch_one_batch(self._original_iterator):
    
22.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 835, in dispatch_one_batch
    
23.     self._dispatch(tasks)
    
24.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 754, in _dispatch
    
25.     job = self._backend.apply_async(batch, callback=cb)
    
26.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\_parallel_backends.py", line 551, in apply_async
    
27.     future = self._workers.submit(SafeFunction(func))
    
28.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\reusable_executor.py", line 160, in submit
    
29.     fn, *args, **kwargs)
    
30.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\process_executor.py", line 1027, in submit
    
31.     raise self._flags.broken
    
32. joblib.externals.loky.process_executor.BrokenProcessPool: A task has failed to un-serialize. Please ensure that the arguments of the function are all picklable.
    
33. exception calling callback for <Future at 0xdefaf98 state=finished raised BrokenProcessPool>
    
34. joblib.externals.loky.process_executor._RemoteTraceback:
    
35. '''
    
36. Traceback (most recent call last):
    
37.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\process_executor.py", line 391, in _process_worker
    
38.     call_item = call_queue.get(block=True, timeout=timeout)
    
39.   File "D:\python\lib\multiprocessing\queues.py", line 99, in get
    
40.     if not self._rlock.acquire(block, timeout):
    
41. PermissionError: [WinError 5] 拒绝访问。
    
42. '''
    
43. 
    
44. The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
    
45. 
    
46. Traceback (most recent call last):
    
47.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\_base.py", line 625, in _invoke_callbacks
    
48.     callback(self)
    
49.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 340, in __call__
    
50.     self.parallel.dispatch_next()
    
51.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 769, in dispatch_next
    
52.     if not self.dispatch_one_batch(self._original_iterator):
    
53.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 835, in dispatch_one_batch
    
54.     self._dispatch(tasks)
    
55.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 754, in _dispatch
    
56.     job = self._backend.apply_async(batch, callback=cb)
    
57.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\_parallel_backends.py", line 551, in apply_async
    
58.     future = self._workers.submit(SafeFunction(func))
    
59.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\reusable_executor.py", line 160, in submit
    
60.     fn, *args, **kwargs)
    
61.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\process_executor.py", line 1027, in submit
    
62.     raise self._flags.broken
    
63.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\_base.py", line 625, in _invoke_callbacks
    
64.     callback(self)
    
65.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 340, in __call__
    
66.     self.parallel.dispatch_next()
    
67.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 769, in dispatch_next
    
68.     if not self.dispatch_one_batch(self._original_iterator):
    
69.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 835, in dispatch_one_batch
    
70.     self._dispatch(tasks)
    
71.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 754, in _dispatch
    
72.     job = self._backend.apply_async(batch, callback=cb)
    
73.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\_parallel_backends.py", line 551, in apply_async
    
74.     future = self._workers.submit(SafeFunction(func))
    
75.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\reusable_executor.py", line 160, in submit
    
76.     fn, *args, **kwargs)
    
77.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\process_executor.py", line 1027, in submit
    
78.     raise self._flags.broken
    
79. joblib.externals.loky.process_executor.BrokenProcessPool: A task has failed to un-serialize. Please ensure that the arguments of the function are all picklable.
    
80. ERROR: The process "6664" not found.
    
81. ERROR: The process "8120" not found.
    
82. ERROR: The process "7940" not found.
    
83. ERROR: The process "6636" not found.
    
84. joblib.externals.loky.process_executor._RemoteTraceback:
    
85. '''
    
86. Traceback (most recent call last):
    
87.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\process_executor.py", line 391, in _process_worker
    
88.     call_item = call_queue.get(block=True, timeout=timeout)
    
89.   File "D:\python\lib\multiprocessing\queues.py", line 99, in get
    
90.     if not self._rlock.acquire(block, timeout):
    
91. PermissionError: [WinError 5] 拒绝访问。
    
92. '''
    
93. 
    
94. The above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:
    
95. 
    
96. Traceback (most recent call last):
    
97.   File "E:/学习文件/个人学习资料/Python/书籍/《Python数据分析与挖掘实战》源数据和代码/Python-2+|+++÷+d-++=-|++/chapter4/demo/code/4-3_data_discretization.py", line 21, in <module>
    
98.     kmodel.fit(data.values.reshape((len(data), 1))) #训练模型
    
99.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\sklearn\cluster\_kmeans.py", line 956, in fit
    
100.     for seed in seeds)
     
101.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 1017, in __call__
     
102.     self.retrieve()
     
103.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 909, in retrieve
     
104.     self._output.extend(job.get(timeout=self.timeout))
     
105.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\_parallel_backends.py", line 562, in wrap_future_result
     
106.     return future.result(timeout=timeout)
     
107.   File "D:\python\lib\concurrent\futures\_base.py", line 432, in result
     
108.     return self.__get_result()
     
109.   File "D:\python\lib\concurrent\futures\_base.py", line 384, in __get_result
     
110.     raise self._exception
     
111.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\_base.py", line 625, in _invoke_callbacks
     
112.     callback(self)
     
113.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 340, in __call__
     
114.     self.parallel.dispatch_next()
     
115.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 769, in dispatch_next
     
116.     if not self.dispatch_one_batch(self._original_iterator):
     
117.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 835, in dispatch_one_batch
     
118.     self._dispatch(tasks)
     
119.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 754, in _dispatch
     
120.     job = self._backend.apply_async(batch, callback=cb)
     
121.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\_parallel_backends.py", line 551, in apply_async
     
122.     future = self._workers.submit(SafeFunction(func))
     
123.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\reusable_executor.py", line 160, in submit
     
124.     fn, *args, **kwargs)
     
125.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\process_executor.py", line 1027, in submit
     
126.     raise self._flags.broken
     
127.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\_base.py", line 625, in _invoke_callbacks
     
128.     callback(self)
     
129.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 340, in __call__
     
130.     self.parallel.dispatch_next()
     
131.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 769, in dispatch_next
     
132.     if not self.dispatch_one_batch(self._original_iterator):
     
133.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 835, in dispatch_one_batch
     
134.     self._dispatch(tasks)
     
135.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\parallel.py", line 754, in _dispatch
     
136.     job = self._backend.apply_async(batch, callback=cb)
     
137.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\_parallel_backends.py", line 551, in apply_async
     
138.     future = self._workers.submit(SafeFunction(func))
     
139.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\reusable_executor.py", line 160, in submit
     
140.     fn, *args, **kwargs)
     
141.   File "D:\python\lib\site-packages\joblib\externals\loky\process_executor.py", line 1027, in submit
     
142.     raise self._flags.broken
     
143. joblib.externals.loky.process_executor.BrokenProcessPool: A task has failed to un-serialize. Please ensure that the arguments of the function are all picklable.
     
144. 
     
145. Process finished with exit code 1

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永恒的蓝色梦想

100+行的 traceback ，有点壮观

AINIDEREN

真的不建议用pycharm，本身python就是轻巧的软件，用一些高级的编辑器也不会使代码更牛逼，用点简单的吧

cug_cui

1. datafile = 'E:\学习文件\个人学习资料\Python\书籍\《Python数据分析与挖掘实战》源数据和代码' \
   
2.             '\Python-2+|+++÷+d-++=-|++\chapter4\demo\data\discretization_data.xls' #参数初始化

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这个文件路径是不是不对啊？这应该是一个字符串，像这样的

1. 'E:\Programme\python\pyc\pylearn\doc\record.txt'

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就算是换了行，也不应该有四个单引号。
而且你这路径还带中文，层次还这么深，难保不出错

陈尚涵

1. datafile = 'E:\学习文件\个人学习资料\Python\书籍\《Python数据分析与挖掘实战》源数据和代码' \
   
2.             '\Python-2+|+++÷+d-++=-|++\chapter4\demo\data\discretization_data.xls' #参数初始化

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这么长的路径，是人写的路径吗？况且，windows是不让再命名里有+，-这种特殊字符，你这样写不是故意对windows挑衅吗？还有那个换行符，怎么可能有四个字符串呢？有换行符那个路径应该这么写：

1. 'E:\学习文件\个人学习资料\Python\书籍\《Python数据分析与挖掘实战》源数据和代码\
   
2.             \Python-2+|+++÷+d-++=-|++\chapter4\demo\data\discretization_data.xls'

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或者，换行符也可以改成小括号。