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优秀的Aurora
发表于 2020-4-15 13:25:31 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式

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请问各位：怎样才能采用单重继承的方式派生出一个类，在派生类中新增信息，且派生出的类的对象可以输出基类中对象的信息？求解答，感谢


                               
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class Student {
public:
        string id, name, age, gender, address, depart;
        Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department);
        Student() {}
        void display();
};

class PostGraduate : public Student {
public:
        
        PostGraduate(string Tutor, string Allowance, string Research) {};
        PostGraduate() {}
        void display();
private:
    string tutor, allowance, research;
        friend ostream& operator << (ostream& out, const PostGraduate& p1);
};

Student::Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department) {
        id = ID;
        name = Name;
        age = Age;
        gender = Gender;
        address = Address;
        depart = Department;
}
PostGraduate::PostGraduate(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Tutor, string Department, string Allowance, string Research):
        Student(ID, Name, Age, Gender, Address, Department){
                id = ID;
        name = Name;
        age = Age;
        gender = Gender;
        address = Address;
        depart = Department;
        tutor = Tutor;
        allowance = Allowance;
        research = Research;
}

void Student::display() {
        cout << "Student:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << endl;
        cout << "Student:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart << "\n\n";
}

void PostGraduate::display() {
        cout << "PostGraduate:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << "导师--" << "--津贴--" << "--研究方向" << endl;
        cout << "PostGraduate:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart << tutor << "--" << allowance << "--" << research << endl;
}
最佳答案
月排行榜 / 总排行榜
人造人
2020-4-15 14:44:04
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Student {
public:
    string id, name, age, gender, address, depart;
    Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department);
    Student() {}
    void display();
};

class PostGraduate: public Student {
public:
    //PostGraduate(string Tutor, string Allowance, string Research, const string &ID) {};
    PostGraduate(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Tutor, string Department,
        string Allowance, string Research);
    PostGraduate() {}
    void display();
private:
    string tutor, allowance, research;
    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const PostGraduate &p1);
};

Student::Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department) {
    id = ID;
    name = Name;
    age = Age;
    gender = Gender;
    address = Address;
    depart = Department;
}

PostGraduate::PostGraduate(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Tutor, string Department,
    string Allowance, string Research): Student(ID, Name, Age, Gender, Address, Department){
        tutor = Tutor;
        allowance = Allowance;
        research = Research;
}

void Student::display() {
    cout << "Student:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << endl;
    cout << "Student:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart << endl;
}

void PostGraduate::display() {
    cout << "PostGraduate:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << "导师--"
        << "--津贴--" << "--研究方向" << endl;
    cout << "PostGraduate:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart
        << tutor << "--" << allowance << "--" << research << endl;
}

ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const PostGraduate &p1) {        //运算符重载函数实现
    out << "(" << p1.id << "," << p1.name << "," << p1.age << "," << p1.gender << "," << p1.address << "," << p1.depart << "," << p1.tutor << "," << p1.allowance << "," << p1.research << ")";
    return out;
}

int main() {
    Student s1("20190001", "Michael", "19", "Male", "机场路10号", "Compyter Science"); //参数分别为：学号、姓名、年龄、性别、地址、所属院系
    s1.display();

    //PostGraduate p1("Li", "1000", "Deep learning"); //参数分别为：导师、津贴、研究方向
    PostGraduate p1("id", "name", "age", "gender", "address", "tutor", "department", "allowance", "research");
    p1.display();
    cout << p1 << endl;

    return 0;
}
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人造人
发表于 2020-4-15 13:32:28 | 显示全部楼层
把代码贴完整，要能够直接编译运行的那种

要在子类中访问父类的信息，需要父类允许才行
如果父类把所有的东西都 private 起来，子类是没办法访问的
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倒戈卸甲
发表于 2020-4-15 13:47:08 From FishC Mobile | 显示全部楼层
你这段代码不就已经实现需求了嘛？PostGraduate能访问Student内容，也有自己的私有属性
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优秀的Aurora
 楼主| 发表于 2020-4-15 13:56:18 | 显示全部楼层
人造人 发表于 2020-4-15 13:32
把代码贴完整，要能够直接编译运行的那种

要在子类中访问父类的信息，需要父类允许才行
#include<iostream>
#include<string>
using namespace std;

class Student {
public:
        string id, name, age, gender, address, depart;
        Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department);
        Student() {}
        void display();
};

class PostGraduate : public Student {
public:
        PostGraduate(string Tutor, string Allowance, string Research,const string &ID) {};
        PostGraduate() {}
        void display();
private:
    string tutor, allowance, research;
        friend ostream& operator << (ostream& out, const PostGraduate& p1);
};

Student::Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department) {
        id = ID;
        name = Name;
        age = Age;
        gender = Gender;
        address = Address;
        depart = Department;
}
PostGraduate::PostGraduate(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Tutor, string Department, string Allowance, string Research):
        Student(ID, Name, Age, Gender, Address, Department){
        id = ID;
        name = Name;
        age = Age;
        gender = Gender;
        address = Address;
        depart = Department;
        tutor = Tutor;
        allowance = Allowance;
        research = Research;
}

void Student::display() {
        cout << "Student:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << endl;
        cout << "Student:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart << "\n\n";
}

void PostGraduate::display() {
        cout << "PostGraduate:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << "导师--" << "--津贴--" << "--研究方向" << endl;
        cout << "PostGraduate:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart << tutor << "--" << allowance << "--" << research << endl;
}

ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const PostGraduate& p1) {        //运算符重载函数实现
        out << "(" << p1.id << "," << p1.name << "," << p1.age << "," << p1.gender << "," << p1.address << "," << p1.depart << "," << p1.tutor << "," << p1.allowance << "," << p1.research << ")";
        return out;
}

int main() {
        Student s1("20190001", "Michael", "19", "Male", "机场路10号", "Compyter Science"); //参数分别为：学号、姓名、年龄、性别、地址、所属院系
        s1.display();

        PostGraduate p1("Li", "1000", "Deep learning"); //参数分别为：导师、津贴、研究方向
        p1.display();
        cout << p1 << endl;

        return 0;
}
这是大概完整的代码，但是有好多错误，不太会改
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优秀的Aurora
 楼主| 发表于 2020-4-15 13:57:33 | 显示全部楼层
倒戈卸甲 发表于 2020-4-15 13:47
你这段代码不就已经实现需求了嘛？PostGraduate能访问Student内容，也有自己的私有属性

对，但是有好多错误
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人造人
发表于 2020-4-15 14:44:04 | 显示全部楼层    本楼为最佳答案   
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

class Student {
public:
    string id, name, age, gender, address, depart;
    Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department);
    Student() {}
    void display();
};

class PostGraduate: public Student {
public:
    //PostGraduate(string Tutor, string Allowance, string Research, const string &ID) {};
    PostGraduate(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Tutor, string Department,
        string Allowance, string Research);
    PostGraduate() {}
    void display();
private:
    string tutor, allowance, research;
    friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const PostGraduate &p1);
};

Student::Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department) {
    id = ID;
    name = Name;
    age = Age;
    gender = Gender;
    address = Address;
    depart = Department;
}

PostGraduate::PostGraduate(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Tutor, string Department,
    string Allowance, string Research): Student(ID, Name, Age, Gender, Address, Department){
        tutor = Tutor;
        allowance = Allowance;
        research = Research;
}

void Student::display() {
    cout << "Student:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << endl;
    cout << "Student:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart << endl;
}

void PostGraduate::display() {
    cout << "PostGraduate:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << "导师--"
        << "--津贴--" << "--研究方向" << endl;
    cout << "PostGraduate:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart
        << tutor << "--" << allowance << "--" << research << endl;
}

ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const PostGraduate &p1) {        //运算符重载函数实现
    out << "(" << p1.id << "," << p1.name << "," << p1.age << "," << p1.gender << "," << p1.address << "," << p1.depart << "," << p1.tutor << "," << p1.allowance << "," << p1.research << ")";
    return out;
}

int main() {
    Student s1("20190001", "Michael", "19", "Male", "机场路10号", "Compyter Science"); //参数分别为：学号、姓名、年龄、性别、地址、所属院系
    s1.display();

    //PostGraduate p1("Li", "1000", "Deep learning"); //参数分别为：导师、津贴、研究方向
    PostGraduate p1("id", "name", "age", "gender", "address", "tutor", "department", "allowance", "research");
    p1.display();
    cout << p1 << endl;

    return 0;
}
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优秀的Aurora
 楼主| 发表于 2020-4-15 14:56:14 | 显示全部楼层
人造人 发表于 2020-4-15 14:44

感谢
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