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优秀的Aurora
发表于 2020-4-15 13:25:31 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式

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请问各位：怎样才能采用单重继承的方式派生出一个类，在派生类中新增信息，且派生出的类的对象可以输出基类中对象的信息？求解答，感谢


                               
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  1. class Student {
  2. public:
  3.         string id, name, age, gender, address, depart;
  4.         Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department);
  5.         Student() {}
  6.         void display();
  7. };

  9. class PostGraduate : public Student {
  10. public:
  11.        
  12.         PostGraduate(string Tutor, string Allowance, string Research) {};
  13.         PostGraduate() {}
  14.         void display();
  15. private:
  16.     string tutor, allowance, research;
  17.         friend ostream& operator << (ostream& out, const PostGraduate& p1);
  18. };

  20. Student::Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department) {
  21.         id = ID;
  22.         name = Name;
  23.         age = Age;
  24.         gender = Gender;
  25.         address = Address;
  26.         depart = Department;
  27. }
  28. PostGraduate::PostGraduate(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Tutor, string Department, string Allowance, string Research):
  29.         Student(ID, Name, Age, Gender, Address, Department){
  30.                 id = ID;
  31.         name = Name;
  32.         age = Age;
  33.         gender = Gender;
  34.         address = Address;
  35.         depart = Department;
  36.         tutor = Tutor;
  37.         allowance = Allowance;
  38.         research = Research;
  39. }

  41. void Student::display() {
  42.         cout << "Student:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << endl;
  43.         cout << "Student:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart << "\n\n";
  44. }

  46. void PostGraduate::display() {
  47.         cout << "PostGraduate:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << "导师--" << "--津贴--" << "--研究方向" << endl;
  48.         cout << "PostGraduate:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart << tutor << "--" << allowance << "--" << research << endl;
  49. }
复制代码
最佳答案
月排行榜 / 总排行榜
人造人
2020-4-15 14:44:04
  1. #include <iostream>
  2. #include <string>

  4. using namespace std;

  6. class Student {
  7. public:
  8.     string id, name, age, gender, address, depart;
  9.     Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department);
  10.     Student() {}
  11.     void display();
  12. };

  14. class PostGraduate: public Student {
  15. public:
  16.     //PostGraduate(string Tutor, string Allowance, string Research, const string &ID) {};
  17.     PostGraduate(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Tutor, string Department,
  18.         string Allowance, string Research);
  19.     PostGraduate() {}
  20.     void display();
  21. private:
  22.     string tutor, allowance, research;
  23.     friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const PostGraduate &p1);
  24. };

  26. Student::Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department) {
  27.     id = ID;
  28.     name = Name;
  29.     age = Age;
  30.     gender = Gender;
  31.     address = Address;
  32.     depart = Department;
  33. }

  35. PostGraduate::PostGraduate(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Tutor, string Department,
  36.     string Allowance, string Research): Student(ID, Name, Age, Gender, Address, Department){
  37.         tutor = Tutor;
  38.         allowance = Allowance;
  39.         research = Research;
  40. }

  42. void Student::display() {
  43.     cout << "Student:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << endl;
  44.     cout << "Student:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart << endl;
  45. }

  47. void PostGraduate::display() {
  48.     cout << "PostGraduate:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << "导师--"
  49.         << "--津贴--" << "--研究方向" << endl;
  50.     cout << "PostGraduate:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart
  51.         << tutor << "--" << allowance << "--" << research << endl;
  52. }

  54. ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const PostGraduate &p1) {        //运算符重载函数实现
  55.     out << "(" << p1.id << "," << p1.name << "," << p1.age << "," << p1.gender << "," << p1.address << "," << p1.depart << "," << p1.tutor << "," << p1.allowance << "," << p1.research << ")";
  56.     return out;
  57. }

  59. int main() {
  60.     Student s1("20190001", "Michael", "19", "Male", "机场路10号", "Compyter Science"); //参数分别为：学号、姓名、年龄、性别、地址、所属院系
  61.     s1.display();

  63.     //PostGraduate p1("Li", "1000", "Deep learning"); //参数分别为：导师、津贴、研究方向
  64.     PostGraduate p1("id", "name", "age", "gender", "address", "tutor", "department", "allowance", "research");
  65.     p1.display();
  66.     cout << p1 << endl;

  68.     return 0;
  69. }
复制代码
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人造人
发表于 2020-4-15 13:32:28 | 显示全部楼层
把代码贴完整，要能够直接编译运行的那种

要在子类中访问父类的信息，需要父类允许才行
如果父类把所有的东西都 private 起来，子类是没办法访问的
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倒戈卸甲
发表于 2020-4-15 13:47:08 From FishC Mobile | 显示全部楼层
你这段代码不就已经实现需求了嘛？PostGraduate能访问Student内容，也有自己的私有属性
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优秀的Aurora
 楼主| 发表于 2020-4-15 13:56:18 | 显示全部楼层
人造人 发表于 2020-4-15 13:32
把代码贴完整，要能够直接编译运行的那种

要在子类中访问父类的信息，需要父类允许才行
  1. #include<iostream>
  2. #include<string>
  3. using namespace std;

  5. class Student {
  6. public:
  7.         string id, name, age, gender, address, depart;
  8.         Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department);
  9.         Student() {}
  10.         void display();
  11. };

  13. class PostGraduate : public Student {
  14. public:
  15.         PostGraduate(string Tutor, string Allowance, string Research,const string &ID) {};
  16.         PostGraduate() {}
  17.         void display();
  18. private:
  19.     string tutor, allowance, research;
  20.         friend ostream& operator << (ostream& out, const PostGraduate& p1);
  21. };

  23. Student::Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department) {
  24.         id = ID;
  25.         name = Name;
  26.         age = Age;
  27.         gender = Gender;
  28.         address = Address;
  29.         depart = Department;
  30. }
  31. PostGraduate::PostGraduate(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Tutor, string Department, string Allowance, string Research):
  32.         Student(ID, Name, Age, Gender, Address, Department){
  33.         id = ID;
  34.         name = Name;
  35.         age = Age;
  36.         gender = Gender;
  37.         address = Address;
  38.         depart = Department;
  39.         tutor = Tutor;
  40.         allowance = Allowance;
  41.         research = Research;
  42. }

  44. void Student::display() {
  45.         cout << "Student:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << endl;
  46.         cout << "Student:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart << "\n\n";
  47. }

  49. void PostGraduate::display() {
  50.         cout << "PostGraduate:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << "导师--" << "--津贴--" << "--研究方向" << endl;
  51.         cout << "PostGraduate:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart << tutor << "--" << allowance << "--" << research << endl;
  52. }

  54. ostream& operator<<(ostream& out, const PostGraduate& p1) {        //运算符重载函数实现
  55.         out << "(" << p1.id << "," << p1.name << "," << p1.age << "," << p1.gender << "," << p1.address << "," << p1.depart << "," << p1.tutor << "," << p1.allowance << "," << p1.research << ")";
  56.         return out;
  57. }

  59. int main() {
  60.         Student s1("20190001", "Michael", "19", "Male", "机场路10号", "Compyter Science"); //参数分别为：学号、姓名、年龄、性别、地址、所属院系
  61.         s1.display();

  63.         PostGraduate p1("Li", "1000", "Deep learning"); //参数分别为：导师、津贴、研究方向
  64.         p1.display();
  65.         cout << p1 << endl;

  67.         return 0;
  68. }
复制代码

这是大概完整的代码，但是有好多错误，不太会改
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优秀的Aurora
 楼主| 发表于 2020-4-15 13:57:33 | 显示全部楼层
倒戈卸甲 发表于 2020-4-15 13:47
你这段代码不就已经实现需求了嘛？PostGraduate能访问Student内容，也有自己的私有属性

对，但是有好多错误
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人造人
发表于 2020-4-15 14:44:04 | 显示全部楼层    本楼为最佳答案   
  1. #include <iostream>
  2. #include <string>

  4. using namespace std;

  6. class Student {
  7. public:
  8.     string id, name, age, gender, address, depart;
  9.     Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department);
  10.     Student() {}
  11.     void display();
  12. };

  14. class PostGraduate: public Student {
  15. public:
  16.     //PostGraduate(string Tutor, string Allowance, string Research, const string &ID) {};
  17.     PostGraduate(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Tutor, string Department,
  18.         string Allowance, string Research);
  19.     PostGraduate() {}
  20.     void display();
  21. private:
  22.     string tutor, allowance, research;
  23.     friend ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const PostGraduate &p1);
  24. };

  26. Student::Student(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Department) {
  27.     id = ID;
  28.     name = Name;
  29.     age = Age;
  30.     gender = Gender;
  31.     address = Address;
  32.     depart = Department;
  33. }

  35. PostGraduate::PostGraduate(string ID, string Name, string Age, string Gender, string Address, string Tutor, string Department,
  36.     string Allowance, string Research): Student(ID, Name, Age, Gender, Address, Department){
  37.         tutor = Tutor;
  38.         allowance = Allowance;
  39.         research = Research;
  40. }

  42. void Student::display() {
  43.     cout << "Student:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << endl;
  44.     cout << "Student:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart << endl;
  45. }

  47. void PostGraduate::display() {
  48.     cout << "PostGraduate:" << "学号--" << "--姓名--" << "--年龄--" << "--性别--" << "--地址--" << "--专业" << "导师--"
  49.         << "--津贴--" << "--研究方向" << endl;
  50.     cout << "PostGraduate:" << id << "--" << name << "--" << age << "--" << gender << "--" << address << "--" << depart
  51.         << tutor << "--" << allowance << "--" << research << endl;
  52. }

  54. ostream &operator<<(ostream &out, const PostGraduate &p1) {        //运算符重载函数实现
  55.     out << "(" << p1.id << "," << p1.name << "," << p1.age << "," << p1.gender << "," << p1.address << "," << p1.depart << "," << p1.tutor << "," << p1.allowance << "," << p1.research << ")";
  56.     return out;
  57. }

  59. int main() {
  60.     Student s1("20190001", "Michael", "19", "Male", "机场路10号", "Compyter Science"); //参数分别为：学号、姓名、年龄、性别、地址、所属院系
  61.     s1.display();

  63.     //PostGraduate p1("Li", "1000", "Deep learning"); //参数分别为：导师、津贴、研究方向
  64.     PostGraduate p1("id", "name", "age", "gender", "address", "tutor", "department", "allowance", "research");
  65.     p1.display();
  66.     cout << p1 << endl;

  68.     return 0;
  69. }
复制代码
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优秀的Aurora
 楼主| 发表于 2020-4-15 14:56:14 | 显示全部楼层
人造人 发表于 2020-4-15 14:44

感谢
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