树形打印目录结构

Brick_Porter

CMD中没有tree这个命令，所以自己使用Python编写了一个可以遍历目录而且还是以树形图表的形式显示目录结构的脚本，
代码如下：

1. '''If a directory is like this:
   
2. root/
   
3. |-- dir1/
   
4. |   |-- file1.txt
   
5. |   |-- file2.txt
   
6. |   |-- sub1/
   
7. |   |   |-- video1.mp4
   
8. |   |   |-- video2.mp4
   
9. |   |   |-- video3.mp4
   
10. |   |   `-- sub_n/
    
11. |   |       |-- f1.png
    
12. |   |       `-- f2.png
    
13. |   `-- sub2/
    
14. |       |-- pic1.jpg
    
15. |       |-- pic2.jpg
    
16. |       `-- pic3.jpg
    
17. |-- dir2/
    
18. |   |-- text1.md
    
19. |   |-- text2.md
    
20. |   `-- text3.md
    
21. |-- main.py
    
22. |-- spam.py
    
23. |-- eggs.py
    
24. `-- hams.py
    
25. 
    
26. Each row has three components: prefix, item and suffix.
    
27. Definitions are as follow:
    
28. 
    
29. prefix:
    
30.     A prefix is everything before a file or a directory and it
    
31.     also has three parts: upper prefix, indent and item mark.
    
32.     * A upper prefix is a prefix before a directory, which will be
    
33.       used to create new prefix for items within a directory.
    
34.       Root directory's prefix is an empty string.
    
35.     * Indent is either '|   ' or '    '.
    
36.     * Item mark is adjacent to a file or a directory,
    
37.       which is '`-- ' for last item or '|-- ' for everything except
    
38.       the last one in a direcotry.
    
39. 
    
40. item:
    
41.     An item is either a directory or a file.
    
42. 
    
43. suffix:
    
44.     Only a directory has a suffix '/'.
    
45. '''
    
46. 
    
47. from os import listdir
    
48. from os.path import abspath, basename, isdir, join
    
49. 
    
50. MARK_1 = '    '  # indentation
    
51. MARK_2 = '|   '  # indentation
    
52. MARK_3 = '|-- '  # mark adjacent to a file or a directory
    
53. MARK_4 = '`-- '  # mark for the last item of a directory
    
54. 
    
55. 
    
56. def tree(dir_: str, prefix: str = '', indent: str = '') -> None:
    
57.     '''Iter recursively a directory to print everything within it in
    
58.     an ascii tree graph.
    
59. 
    
60.     :param dir_: str, a root directory.
    
61.     :param prefix: str, everything before a file or a directory.
    
62.     :param indent: str, indent mark for building new prefix.
    
63.     '''
    
64. 
    
65.     # print directory
    
66.     print(f'{prefix}{basename(abspath(dir_))}/')
    
67. 
    
68.     # [upper prefix] [indent] |--
    
69.     prefix = prefix[:-len(MARK_3)] + indent + MARK_3
    
70. 
    
71.     contents = listdir(dir_)
    
72.     max_indx = len(contents) - 1
    
73.     for idx, item in enumerate(contents):
    
74.         path = join(dir_, item)
    
75.         if isdir(path):
    
76.             if idx < max_indx:
    
77.                 tree(path, prefix, MARK_2)
    
78.             else:
    
79.                 tree(path, prefix.replace(MARK_3, MARK_4), MARK_1)
    
80.         else:
    
81.             if idx == max_indx:
    
82.                 prefix = prefix.replace(MARK_3, MARK_4)
    
83.             # print file
    
84.             print(f'{prefix}{item}')
    
85. 
    
86. 
    
87. if __name__ == '__main__':
    
88.     tree('.')
    

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使用的是递归，话说递归确实有点难啊
其他同学也可以试试用argparse这个标准库把代码改装成一个命令行工具