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用单链表实现如下图的结果:
这是代码:#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
struct Date
{
int year;
int month;
int day;
};
struct Record
{
char name[16];
int age;
struct Date first;
struct Date second;
struct Record *next;
};
void getInput(struct Record *record);
void printRecord(struct Record *head);
void addRecord(struct Record **head);
void releaseRecord(struct Record *head);
void getInput(struct Record *record)
{
printf("请问姓名是:");
scanf("%s", record->name);
printf("请问年龄是:");
scanf("%d", &record->age);
printf("请问是否接种过疫苗(Y/N):");
getchar();
if (getchar() != 'Y')
{
record->first.year = 0;
printf("请尽快接种疫苗!\n");
}
else
{
printf("请输入第一针疫苗接种的日期(yyyy-mm-dd):");
scanf("%d-%d-%d", &record->first.year, &record->first.month, &record->first.day);
printf("请问是否接种第二针疫苗(Y/N):");
getchar();
if (getchar() != 'Y')
{
record->second.year = 0;
printf("请尽快接种第二针疫苗!\n");
}
else
{
printf("请输入第二针疫苗接种的日期(yyyy-mm-dd):");
scanf("%d-%d-%d", &record->second.year, &record->second.month, &record->second.day);
}
}
putchar('\n');
}
void printRecord(struct Record *head)
{
struct Record *record;
record = head;
while (record != NULL)
{
printf("姓名:%s,年龄:%d\n", (*record).name, (*record).age);
if (record->first.year == 0)
{
printf("未接种疫苗!\n\n");
}
else
{
printf("第一针疫苗接种日期:%d-%d-%d,", (*record).first.year, (*record).first.month, (*record).first.day);
}
if ((*record).first.year != 0 && (*record).second.year == 0)
{
printf("未接种第二针疫苗!\n\n");
}
else if((*record).first.year != 0)
{
printf("第二针疫苗接种日期:%d-%d-%d\n\n", (*record).second.year, (*record).second.month, (*record).second.day);
}
record = record -> next;
}
}
void addRecord(struct Record **head)
{
struct Record *record, *temp;
record = (struct Record *)malloc(sizeof(struct Record));
if (record == NULL)
{
printf("内存分配失败!\n");
exit(1);
}
getInput(record);
if (*head != NULL)
{
temp = *head;
*head = record;
record->next = temp;
}
else
{
*head = record;
record->next = NULL;
}
}
void releaseRecord(struct Record *head)
{
struct Record *temp;
while (head != NULL)
{
temp = head;
head = head->next;
free(temp);
}
}
int main(void)
{
struct Record *head = NULL;
int ch;
while (1)
{
printf("请问是否需要录入(Y/N):");
do
{
ch = getchar();
} while (ch != 'Y' && ch != 'N');
if (ch == 'Y')
{
addRecord(&head);
}
else
{
break;
}
}
printf("请问是否需要打印已录入数据(Y/N):");
do
{
ch = getchar();
} while (ch != 'Y' && ch != 'N');
if (ch == 'Y')
{
printRecord(head);
}
releaseRecord(head);
return 0;
}
在第59行的printRecord函数中,用了局部变量结构体指针*record,并令record = head;
我想问一下,这个局部变量结构体指针*record能省去吗?直接用head指针不好吗?
就是把printRecord函数代码写成这样:void printRecord(struct Record *head)
{
while(head!=NULL)
{
printf("姓名:%s,年龄:%d\n",head->name,head->age);
if(head->first.year==0)
{
printf("未接种疫苗!\n");
}
else
{
printf("第一针疫苗接种日期:%d-%d-%d,",head->first.year,head->first.month,head->first.day);
if(head->second.year==0)
{
printf("未接种第二针疫苗!\n");
}
else
{
printf("第二针疫苗接种日期:%d-%d-%d\n",head->second.year,head->second.month,head->second.day);
}
}
putchar('\n');
head=head->next;
}
}
我试了试,这样程序也可以正常运行,那为什么要多设置一个指针*record呢?
record 是临时指针,这样做的好处是防止改变原有的指针指向。要不要用你看情况而定。
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