有点迷茫

0unique0

就是说现在刚刚加入大学，对于计算机这一方面不是很熟悉
如果想要玩懂电脑，完好电脑，需要学习什么
现在正在学习计算机基础
就想问一下还有没有其他意见

人造人

C/C++
汇编语言
数据结构与算法
编译原理
操作系统
单片机
。。。

chentyping

我不明白你是要玩电脑还是学电脑知识？如果是玩，天天打游戏。如果是学，要全通恐怕有点难，有硬件，有软件，要看你专业是什么？把专业学好，精通一门（精通，不是略懂！！！），其他的应该都容易上手。仅供参考。

0unique0

chentyping 发表于 2022-10-19 15:24
我不明白你是要玩电脑还是学电脑知识？如果是玩，天天打游戏。如果是学，要全通恐怕有点难，有硬件，有软件 ...

c语言现在学着学着感觉没什么用，就是输出几个简单的代码
用相对复杂的方式去编译一个简单的但东西，在我目前看来有点没用，
之后会有什么用处，凭借输出几个字符或者许多个字符

chentyping

0unique0 发表于 2022-10-19 17:06
c语言现在学着学着感觉没什么用，就是输出几个简单的代码
用相对复杂的方式去编译一个简单的但东西，在 ...

一门语言能够活下来，有它的生存之道。对后来学的人，c语言或许感觉很没有用，但它仍然没有被淘汰。哪怕c++出现，它仍然有市场。

人造人

0unique0 发表于 2022-10-19 17:06
c语言现在学着学着感觉没什么用，就是输出几个简单的代码
用相对复杂的方式去编译一个简单的但东西，在 ...

玩底层你不用C语言你用什么？汇编语言？
还是算了吧，对于现在的我都是极力的避免使用汇编语言，因为汇编语言太难驾驭了，真的
看看下面这个代码怎么样？最近在研究smbios
这些底层的东西就得用C语言
虽然说也可以用C++，不过使用C++的意义不大
主要是这些底层的代码还没有复杂到要使用C++的程度

1. #include <efi.h>
   
2. #include <libsmbios.h>
   
3. 
   
4. #define print_variable(SystemTable, base, value) \
   
5.     kputs(SystemTable, L"" #value ": "); print_##base(SystemTable, value); kputc(SystemTable, L'\n')
   
6. 
   
7. void swap(CHAR16 *a, CHAR16 *b) {
   
8.     CHAR16 temp = *a;
   
9.     *a = *b;
   
10.     *b = temp;
    
11. }
    
12. 
    
13. CHAR16 kgetc(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable) {
    
14.     EFI_INPUT_KEY key;
    
15.     SystemTable->BootServices->WaitForEvent(1, &SystemTable->ConIn->WaitForKey, NULL);
    
16.     SystemTable->ConIn->ReadKeyStroke(SystemTable->ConIn, &key);
    
17.     if(key.UnicodeChar == '\r') key.UnicodeChar = '\n';
    
18.     return key.UnicodeChar;
    
19. }
    
20. 
    
21. void kputc(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable, CHAR16 c) {
    
22.     if(c == L'\n') kputc(SystemTable, L'\r');
    
23.     CHAR16 str[2] = {c, '\0'};
    
24.     SystemTable->ConOut->OutputString(SystemTable->ConOut, str);
    
25. }
    
26. 
    
27. void kputs(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable, const CHAR16 *str) {
    
28.     for(UINTN i = 0; str[i]; ++i) {
    
29.         kputc(SystemTable, str[i]);
    
30.     }
    
31. }
    
32. 
    
33. void number(CHAR16 *buff, UINTN value, UINTN base) {
    
34.     static const CHAR16 table[16] = L"0123456789abcdef";
    
35.     if(base > 16) base = 16;
    
36.     CHAR16 *p = buff;
    
37.     do {
    
38.         *p++ = table[value % base];
    
39.         value /= base;
    
40.     } while(value);
    
41.     *p = L'\0';
    
42.     UINTN count = p - buff;
    
43.     for(UINTN i = 0; i < count / 2; ++i) {
    
44.         swap(&buff[i], &buff[count - i - 1]);
    
45.     }
    
46. }
    
47. 
    
48. void print_dec(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable, UINTN value) {
    
49.     CHAR16 buff[128]; number(buff, value, 10); kputs(SystemTable, buff);
    
50. }
    
51. 
    
52. void print_hex(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable, UINTN value) {
    
53.     CHAR16 buff[128]; number(buff, value, 16); kputs(SystemTable, buff);
    
54. }
    
55. 
    
56. /*
    
57. typedef struct {
    
58.     UINT32  Data1;
    
59.     UINT16  Data2;
    
60.     UINT16  Data3;
    
61.     UINT8   Data4[8];
    
62. } EFI_GUID;
    
63. */
    
64. BOOLEAN compare_guid(const EFI_GUID *a, const EFI_GUID *b) {
    
65.     if(a->Data1 != b->Data1) return FALSE;
    
66.     if(a->Data2 != b->Data2) return FALSE;
    
67.     if(a->Data3 != b->Data3) return FALSE;
    
68.     for(UINTN i = 0; i < 8; ++i) {
    
69.         if(a->Data4[i] != b->Data4[i]) return FALSE;
    
70.     }
    
71.     return TRUE;
    
72. }
    
73. 
    
74. void print_guid(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable, const EFI_GUID *guid) {
    
75.     const UINT8 *base = (const UINT8 *)guid;
    
76.     kputc(SystemTable, L'{');
    
77.     BOOLEAN flag = FALSE;
    
78.     for(UINTN i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
    
79.         if(flag) kputs(SystemTable, L", ");
    
80.         flag = TRUE;
    
81.         print_hex(SystemTable, base[i]);
    
82.     }
    
83.     kputc(SystemTable, L'}');
    
84. }
    
85. 
    
86. UINT8 *print_smbios_string(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable, UINT8 *str) {
    
87.     if(!*str) ++str;
    
88.     for(UINTN i = 1; ; ++i) {
    
89.         if(!*str) break;
    
90.         print_dec(SystemTable, i);
    
91.         kputs(SystemTable, L": ");
    
92.         while(*str) kputc(SystemTable, *str++);
    
93.         kputc(SystemTable, L'\n');
    
94.         ++str;
    
95.     }
    
96.     return str + 1;
    
97. }
    
98. 
    
99. void print_smbios_header(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable, const SMBIOS_HEADER *hdr) {
    
100.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, hdr->Type);
     
101.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, hdr->Length);
     
102.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, *(UINT16 *)&hdr->Handle);
     
103. }
     
104. 
     
105. void *bios_information(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable, void *base) {
     
106.     SMBIOS_TYPE0 *st0 = base;
     
107.     kputc(SystemTable, L'\n');
     
108.     print_smbios_header(SystemTable, &st0->Hdr);
     
109.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st0->Vendor);
     
110.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st0->BiosVersion);
     
111.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, *(UINT16 *)&st0->BiosSegment);
     
112.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st0->BiosReleaseDate);
     
113.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st0->BiosSize);
     
114.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st0->BiosCharacteristics[0]);
     
115.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st0->BiosCharacteristics[1]);
     
116.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st0->BiosCharacteristics[2]);
     
117.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st0->BiosCharacteristics[3]);
     
118.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st0->BiosCharacteristics[4]);
     
119.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st0->BiosCharacteristics[5]);
     
120.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st0->BiosCharacteristics[6]);
     
121.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st0->BiosCharacteristics[7]);
     
122.     return print_smbios_string(SystemTable, base + st0->Hdr.Length);
     
123. }
     
124. 
     
125. void *system_information(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable, void *base) {
     
126.     SMBIOS_TYPE1 *st1 = base;
     
127.     kputc(SystemTable, L'\n');
     
128.     print_smbios_header(SystemTable, &st1->Hdr);
     
129.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st1->Manufacturer);
     
130.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st1->ProductName);
     
131.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st1->Version);
     
132.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st1->SerialNumber);
     
133.     print_guid(SystemTable, &st1->Uuid); kputc(SystemTable, L'\n');
     
134.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st1->WakeUpType);
     
135.     return print_smbios_string(SystemTable, base + st1->Hdr.Length);
     
136. }
     
137. 
     
138. void *baseboard_information(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable, void *base) {
     
139.     SMBIOS_TYPE2 *st2 = base;
     
140.     kputc(SystemTable, L'\n');
     
141.     print_smbios_header(SystemTable, &st2->Hdr);
     
142.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st2->Manufacturer);
     
143.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st2->ProductName);
     
144.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st2->Version);
     
145.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st2->SerialNumber);
     
146.     return print_smbios_string(SystemTable, base + st2->Hdr.Length);
     
147. }
     
148. 
     
149. void *system_enclosure(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable, void *base) {
     
150.     SMBIOS_TYPE3 *st3 = base;
     
151.     kputc(SystemTable, L'\n');
     
152.     print_smbios_header(SystemTable, &st3->Hdr);
     
153.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st3->Manufacturer);
     
154.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st3->Type);
     
155.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st3->Version);
     
156.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st3->SerialNumber);
     
157.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st3->AssetTag);
     
158.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st3->BootupState);
     
159.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st3->PowerSupplyState);
     
160.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st3->ThermalState);
     
161.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st3->SecurityStatus);
     
162.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, *(UINT32 *)&st3->OemDefined);
     
163.     return print_smbios_string(SystemTable, base + st3->Hdr.Length);
     
164. }
     
165. 
     
166. void *processor_information(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable, void *base) {
     
167.     SMBIOS_TYPE4 *st4 = base;
     
168.     kputc(SystemTable, L'\n');
     
169.     print_smbios_header(SystemTable, &st4->Hdr);
     
170.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->Socket);
     
171.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->ProcessorType);
     
172.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->ProcessorFamily);
     
173.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->ProcessorId[0]);
     
174.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->ProcessorId[1]);
     
175.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->ProcessorId[2]);
     
176.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->ProcessorId[3]);
     
177.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->ProcessorId[4]);
     
178.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->ProcessorId[5]);
     
179.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->ProcessorId[6]);
     
180.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->ProcessorId[7]);
     
181.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->ProcessorVersion);
     
182.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->Voltage);
     
183.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, *(UINT16 *)&st4->ExternalClock);
     
184.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, *(UINT16 *)&st4->MaxSpeed);
     
185.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, *(UINT16 *)&st4->CurrentSpeed);
     
186.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->Status);
     
187.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, st4->ProcessorUpgrade);
     
188.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, *(UINT16 *)&st4->L1CacheHandle);
     
189.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, *(UINT16 *)&st4->L2CacheHandle);
     
190.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, *(UINT16 *)&st4->L3CacheHandle);
     
191.     return print_smbios_string(SystemTable, base + st4->Hdr.Length);
     
192. }
     
193. 
     
194. void *unknown_type(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable, void *base) {
     
195.     SMBIOS_HEADER *hdr = base;
     
196.     kputc(SystemTable, L'\n');
     
197.     print_smbios_header(SystemTable, hdr);
     
198.     return print_smbios_string(SystemTable, base + hdr->Length);
     
199. }
     
200. 
     
201. void info_eps(EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable) {
     
202.     EFI_GUID smbios_guid = SMBIOS_TABLE_GUID;
     
203.     EFI_GUID smbios3_guid = SMBIOS3_TABLE_GUID;
     
204.     EFI_GUID mps_guid = MPS_TABLE_GUID;
     
205.     EFI_GUID acpi_guid = ACPI_TABLE_GUID;
     
206.     EFI_GUID acpi20_guid = ACPI_20_TABLE_GUID;
     
207.     EFI_GUID sal_system_guid = SAL_SYSTEM_TABLE_GUID;
     
208.     EFI_GUID dtb_guid = EFI_DTB_TABLE_GUID;
     
209.     SMBIOS_STRUCTURE_TABLE *smbios_header = NULL;
     
210.     for(UINTN i = 0; i < SystemTable->NumberOfTableEntries; ++i) {
     
211.         if(compare_guid(&SystemTable->ConfigurationTable[i].VendorGuid, &smbios_guid)) {
     
212.             kputs(SystemTable, L"SMBIOS_TABLE_GUID: ");
     
213.             smbios_header = SystemTable->ConfigurationTable[i].VendorTable;
     
214.         }
     
215.         if(compare_guid(&SystemTable->ConfigurationTable[i].VendorGuid, &smbios3_guid)) kputs(SystemTable, L"SMBIOS3_TABLE_GUID: ");
     
216.         if(compare_guid(&SystemTable->ConfigurationTable[i].VendorGuid, &mps_guid)) kputs(SystemTable, L"MPS_TABLE_GUID: ");
     
217.         if(compare_guid(&SystemTable->ConfigurationTable[i].VendorGuid, &acpi_guid)) kputs(SystemTable, L"ACPI_TABLE_GUID: ");
     
218.         if(compare_guid(&SystemTable->ConfigurationTable[i].VendorGuid, &acpi20_guid)) kputs(SystemTable, L"ACPI_20_TABLE_GUID: ");
     
219.         if(compare_guid(&SystemTable->ConfigurationTable[i].VendorGuid, &sal_system_guid)) kputs(SystemTable, L"SAL_SYSTEM_TABLE_GUID: ");
     
220.         if(compare_guid(&SystemTable->ConfigurationTable[i].VendorGuid, &dtb_guid)) kputs(SystemTable, L"EFI_DTB_TABLE_GUID: ");
     
221.         print_guid(SystemTable, &SystemTable->ConfigurationTable[i].VendorGuid); kputc(SystemTable, L'\n');
     
222.     }
     
223.     if(!smbios_header) return;
     
224.     kputs(SystemTable, L"AnchorString: "");
     
225.     kputc(SystemTable, smbios_header->AnchorString[0]);
     
226.     kputc(SystemTable, smbios_header->AnchorString[1]);
     
227.     kputc(SystemTable, smbios_header->AnchorString[2]);
     
228.     kputc(SystemTable, smbios_header->AnchorString[3]);
     
229.     kputs(SystemTable, L""\n");
     
230.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->EntryPointStructureChecksum);
     
231.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->EntryPointLength);
     
232.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->MajorVersion);
     
233.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->MinorVersion);
     
234.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->MaxStructureSize);
     
235.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->EntryPointRevision);
     
236.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->IntermediateChecksum);
     
237.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->TableLength);
     
238.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->TableAddress);
     
239.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->NumberOfSmbiosStructures);
     
240.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->SmbiosBcdRevision);
     
241.     kputs(SystemTable, L"IntermediateAnchorString: "");
     
242.     kputc(SystemTable, smbios_header->IntermediateAnchorString[0]);
     
243.     kputc(SystemTable, smbios_header->IntermediateAnchorString[1]);
     
244.     kputc(SystemTable, smbios_header->IntermediateAnchorString[2]);
     
245.     kputc(SystemTable, smbios_header->IntermediateAnchorString[3]);
     
246.     kputc(SystemTable, smbios_header->IntermediateAnchorString[4]);
     
247.     kputs(SystemTable, L""\n");
     
248.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->FormattedArea[0]);
     
249.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->FormattedArea[1]);
     
250.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->FormattedArea[2]);
     
251.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->FormattedArea[3]);
     
252.     print_variable(SystemTable, hex, smbios_header->FormattedArea[4]);
     
253.     UINT8 *next = (UINT8 *)(UINT64)smbios_header->TableAddress;
     
254.     for(UINTN i = 0; i < smbios_header->NumberOfSmbiosStructures; ++i) {
     
255.         switch(*next) {
     
256.             case 0: next = bios_information(SystemTable, next); break;
     
257.             case 1: next = system_information(SystemTable, next); break;
     
258.             case 2: next = baseboard_information(SystemTable, next); break;
     
259.             case 3: next = system_enclosure(SystemTable, next); break;
     
260.             case 4: next = processor_information(SystemTable, next); break;
     
261.             default: next = unknown_type(SystemTable, next);
     
262.         }
     
263.         kgetc(SystemTable);
     
264.     }
     
265. }
     
266. 
     
267. EFI_STATUS EFIAPI efi_main(EFI_HANDLE *ImageHandle, EFI_SYSTEM_TABLE *SystemTable) {
     
268.     info_eps(SystemTable);
     
269.     kgetc(SystemTable);
     
270.     return EFI_SUCCESS;
     
271. }
     

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