win32子窗口问题

sun_chuan

#include<windows.h>
#include<windowsx.h>
//定义下三个子窗口的id
#define WNDHOUR_ID 0
#define WNDMINUTE_ID 1
#define WNDSECOND_ID 2

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

//显示小时的子窗口回调函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndHourProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

//显示分钟的子窗口回调函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndMinuteProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

//显示秒的子窗口回调函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndSecondProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);


        //剩下仨子窗口类名
//剩下仨子窗口类名
static TCHAR WndClsHourProcName[] = TEXT("WndHorProc");
static TCHAR WndClsMinuteProcName[] = TEXT("WndMinuteProc");
static TCHAR WndClsSecondProcName[] = TEXT("WndSecondProc");

int WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
        static PTCHAR szAppName = (PTCHAR)TEXT("ShowTime");

        HWND hwnd = NULL;
        MSG msg;
        WNDCLASS wc;
        wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
        wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
        wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
        wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
        wc.hInstance = hInstance;
        wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
        wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
        wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
        wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;
        wc.lpszClassName = szAppName;

        if (!RegisterClass(&wc))
        {
                MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("Need Windows NT!!!!"), TEXT("Error"), MB_OK);
        }

        hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName, TEXT("数字时钟"),
                WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
                CW_USEDEFAULT,
                CW_USEDEFAULT,
                CW_USEDEFAULT,
                CW_USEDEFAULT,
                NULL,
                NULL,
                hInstance,
                NULL);
        
        //分别再注册剩下的子窗口
        wc.lpszClassName = WndClsHourProcName;
        wc.lpfnWndProc = WndHourProc;
        wc.hIcon = NULL;
        RegisterClass(&wc);

        wc.lpszClassName = WndClsMinuteProcName;
        wc.lpfnWndProc = WndMinuteProc;
        wc.hIcon = NULL;
        RegisterClass(&wc);

        wc.lpszClassName = WndClsSecondProcName;
        wc.lpfnWndProc = WndSecondProc;
        wc.hIcon = NULL;
        RegisterClass(&wc);



        ShowWindow(hwnd, iCmdShow);

        UpdateWindow(hwnd);

        while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
        {
                TranslateMessage(&msg);
                DispatchMessage(&msg);
        }

        return msg.wParam;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wparam, LPARAM lparam)
{
        HDC hdc;
        PAINTSTRUCT ps;
        RECT rect;

        //窗口的宽和高
        static int cxClient, cyClient;
        //定义三个子窗口的句柄
        static HWND hHourWnd, hMinuteWnd, hSecondWnd;
        //用到的画笔和画刷
        static HPEN hPen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID, 0, RGB(100, 100, 100));
        static HBRUSH hBrush = CreateSolidBrush(RGB(100, 100, 100));

        switch (message)
        {
        case WM_CREATE:
                //获取窗口宽高
                cxClient = LOWORD(lparam);
                cyClient = HIWORD(lparam);
                //创建那三个子窗口
                
                hHourWnd   = CreateWindow(WndClsHourProcName  , NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 0, 0, 0, 0, hwnd, (HMENU)WNDHOUR_ID,   (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWLP_HINSTANCE), 0);
                hMinuteWnd = CreateWindow(WndClsMinuteProcName, NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 0, 0, 0, 0, hwnd, (HMENU)WNDMINUTE_ID, (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWLP_HINSTANCE), 0);
                hSecondWnd = CreateWindow(WndClsSecondProcName, NULL, WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE, 0, 0, 0, 0, hwnd, (HMENU)WNDSECOND_ID, (HINSTANCE)GetWindowLongPtr(hwnd, GWLP_HINSTANCE), 0);


                return 0;
        case WM_SIZE:
                //把窗口移动到指定位置（平均分成三份）
                MoveWindow(hHourWnd, 0, 0, cxClient / 3, cyClient, FALSE);

                return 0;
        case WM_PAINT:
                hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);
                GetClientRect(hwnd, &rect);

                EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
                return 0;

        case WM_DESTROY://接受WM_DESTROY消息并发送WM_QUIT消息
                PostQuitMessage(0);
                return 0;
        }


        return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wparam, lparam);
}

//显示小时的子窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK WndHourProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wparam, LPARAM lparam)
{
        //窗口的宽和高
        static int cxClient, cyClient;
        PAINTSTRUCT ps;
        HDC hdc;
        switch (message)
        {
        case WM_CREATE:
                cxClient = LOWORD(lparam);
                cyClient = HIWORD(lparam);
                return 0;
        case WM_PAINT:
                //用线标记自己
                hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);
                Rectangle(hdc,0,0,cxClient,cyClient);
                EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
                return 0;

        }

        return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wparam, lparam);

}

//显示分钟的子窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK WndMinuteProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wparam, LPARAM lparam)
{
        //窗口的宽和高
        static int cxClient, cyClient;
        return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wparam, lparam);

}

//显示秒的子窗口过程
LRESULT CALLBACK WndSecondProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wparam, LPARAM lparam)
{
        //窗口的宽和高
        static int cxClient, cyClient;

        return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wparam, lparam);

}

这段代码的效果应该是在窗口左边1/3处画一个方框，但是为什么实际上什么也没有画？

FishC

看来你在实现一个包含子窗口的Win32应用程序时遇到了一些问题。下面是对你代码中几处问题的分析和修正建议，确保代码简洁易懂并且能够正常运行：

1. **包含头文件**：`#include` 和 `#include` 行末没有指明具体头文件，应该是 `#include <windows.h>` 和 `#include <tchar.h>`。

2. **字符串类型问题**：你的代码中使用了 `TCHAR` 类型，而在WinMain中 `szAppName` 应该是 `TCHAR` 类型而不是 `PTCHAR`：

static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("ShowTime");

3. **未定义消息处理函数**：你已经声明了子窗口的回调函数，但没有定义。为确保程序可运行，先给出一个简单的定义：

LRESULT CALLBACK WndHourProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
   {
       switch (message)
       {
       case WM_CREATE:
           return 0;
       case WM_PAINT:
           return 0;
       case WM_DESTROY:
           return 0;
       default:
           return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
       }
   }

   LRESULT CALLBACK WndMinuteProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
   {
       switch (message)
       {
       case WM_CREATE:
           return 0;
       case WM_PAINT:
           return 0;
       case WM_DESTROY:
           return 0;
       default:
           return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
       }
   }

   LRESULT CALLBACK WndSecondProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
   {
       switch (message)
       {
       case WM_CREATE:
           return 0;
       case WM_PAINT:
           return 0;
       case WM_DESTROY:
           return 0;
       default:
           return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
       }
   }

4. **主窗口过程**：你也应该定义主窗口回调函数，否则会编译失败：

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
   {
       switch (message)
       {
       case WM_DESTROY:
           PostQuitMessage(0);
           return 0;
       default:
           return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
       }
   }

5. **创建设备字体**： `MessageBox` 错误提示中应该直接使用 `TEXT` 宏包裹字符串，而不是 `szAppName`。

以下是修正后的代码：

#include <windows.h>
#include <tchar.h>

// 定义三个子窗口的ID
#define WNDHOUR_ID 0
#define WNDMINUTE_ID 1
#define WNDSECOND_ID 2

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

// 显示小时的子窗口回调函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndHourProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

// 显示分钟的子窗口回调函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndMinuteProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

// 显示秒的子窗口回调函数
LRESULT CALLBACK WndSecondProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

// 子窗口类名
static TCHAR WndClsHourProcName[] = TEXT("WndHourProc");
static TCHAR WndClsMinuteProcName[] = TEXT("WndMinuteProc");
static TCHAR WndClsSecondProcName[] = TEXT("WndSecondProc");

int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, PSTR szCmdLine, int iCmdShow)
{
    static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("ShowTime");

    HWND hwnd = NULL;
    MSG msg;
    WNDCLASS wc;
    wc.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wc.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
    wc.cbClsExtra = 0;
    wc.cbWndExtra = 0;
    wc.hInstance = hInstance;
    wc.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
    wc.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wc.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
    wc.lpszMenuName = NULL;
    wc.lpszClassName = szAppName;

    if (!RegisterClass(&wc))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("This program requires Windows NT!"), szAppName, MB_OK);
        return 0;
    }

    hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName, TEXT("Digital Clock"),
        WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
        CW_USEDEFAULT,
        CW_USEDEFAULT,
        CW_USEDEFAULT,
        CW_USEDEFAULT,
        NULL,
        NULL,
        hInstance,
        NULL);

    if (!hwnd)
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("Window creation failed!"), szAppName, MB_OK);
        return 0;
    }

    // 再注册剩下的子窗口
    wc.hIcon = NULL;

    wc.lpszClassName = WndClsHourProcName;
    wc.lpfnWndProc = WndHourProc;
    RegisterClass(&wc);

    wc.lpszClassName = WndClsMinuteProcName;
    wc.lpfnWndProc = WndMinuteProc;
    RegisterClass(&wc);

    wc.lpszClassName = WndClsSecondProcName;
    wc.lpfnWndProc = WndSecondProc;
    RegisterClass(&wc);

    ShowWindow(hwnd, iCmdShow);
    UpdateWindow(hwnd);

    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
    {
        TranslateMessage(&msg);
        DispatchMessage(&msg);
    }

    return msg.wParam;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    switch (message)
    {
    case WM_DESTROY:
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        return 0;
    default:
        return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndHourProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    switch (message)
    {
    case WM_CREATE:
        return 0;
    case WM_PAINT:
        return 0;
    case WM_DESTROY:
        return 0;
    default:
        return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndMinuteProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    switch (message)
    {
    case WM_CREATE:
        return 0;
    case WM_PAINT:
        return 0;
    case WM_DESTROY:
        return 0;
    default:
        return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndSecondProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    switch (message)
    {
    case WM_CREATE:
        return 0;
    case WM_PAINT:
        return 0;
    case WM_DESTROY:
        return 0;
    default:
        return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
}

希望这能帮到你！如有任何其他问题，请随时提问。

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