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求助，代码有问题，请帮着修改下
要求:
1. 解析 a.srt 或 a.ass 字幕文件，
2. 利用 eng-to-ipa 库将每个单词转换为 IPA，若单词属于虚词（比如 a, an, the 等,在 function_words.txt 中定义），则将此虚词的单词及ipa都标记为灰色小号字
3. 对最终ass的要求：
- 显示英文字幕。在每个英文单词的正上方显示此单词对应的ipa(ipa字号比下方小1号,是灰色)
- 下方的单词要与它头顶上的它本身的ipa音标在垂直方向上对齐.标点与单词之间没有空格，单词与标点之间没有空格.单词之间要有正常空格间隙，单词不能重叠
- 生成的ASS字幕中单词和标点之间的空格与间距符合正常书写习惯。
4. 生成最终的 ASS 字幕文件（a_tmp.ass）
代码有以下问题：
1.单词与标点，标点与单词之间的间隙不对
2.一个单词后跟一个长单词时，2个单词就连在一起了
3.虚词表里的词应该在单词行，音标行都变成灰色，小字号
代码：#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
该脚本实现了：
1. 解析 a.srt 或 a.ass 字幕文件，将每条字幕的文本提取出来
2. 利用 eng-to-ipa 库将每个单词转换为 IPA，若单词属于虚词（在 function_words.txt 中定义），则使用预设 IPA 并标记为灰色小号字
3. 对每条字幕文本，按单词（包括标点符号）拆分，每个单词生成一对 ASS 对话事件：
- 上方：显示 IPA（字号比下方小1号）
- 下方：显示英文原文
4. 生成最终的 ASS 字幕文件（a_tmp.ass）
"""
import re
import sys
import eng_to_ipa
from PIL import ImageFont
# 加载字体并设置字号
normal_font = ImageFont.truetype("Arial Unicode MS.ttf", 36) # 普通单词字号
ipa_font = ImageFont.truetype("Arial Unicode MS.ttf", 30) # IPA音标字号
func_font = ImageFont.truetype("Arial Unicode MS.ttf", 28) # 虚词字号
class Token:
"""表示一个文本单元（单词或标点）"""
def __init__(self, text, is_word=True, is_function=False):
self.text = text.strip() # 去除可能的空格
self.is_word = is_word
self.is_function = is_function
self.ipa = None
self.width = 0
self.ipa_width = 0
self.x_pos = 0
self.next_space = True # 是否在此token后添加空格
def get_text_width(text, font):
"""获取文本在指定字体下的渲染宽度"""
try:
width = font.getlength(text.strip())
return width * 1.1 # 添加10%的安全边距，防止重叠
except AttributeError:
bbox = font.getbbox(text.strip())
return (bbox[2] - bbox[0]) * 1.1
def load_function_words(filename="function_words.txt"):
"""加载虚词及其 IPA 对照表"""
func_words = {}
with open(filename, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
for line in f:
line = line.strip()
if not line or line.startswith("#"):
continue
parts = line.split("\t")
if len(parts) >= 2:
word = parts[0].strip().lower()
ipa_value = parts[1].strip()
func_words[word] = ipa_value
return func_words
def convert_srt_to_ass_time(srt_time):
"""将 SRT 时间格式转换为 ASS 时间格式"""
hh, mm, ss_mmm = srt_time.split(":")
ss, mmm = ss_mmm.split(",")
cs = int(mmm) // 10 # 毫秒转为百分之一秒
hh = str(int(hh)) # 去掉多余的前导零
return f"{hh}:{mm}:{ss}.{cs:02d}"
def parse_srt(filepath):
"""解析 SRT 文件"""
blocks = []
with open(filepath, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
content = f.read()
entries = re.split(r'\n\s*\n', content)
for entry in entries:
lines = entry.strip().splitlines()
if len(lines) >= 3:
time_line = lines[1].strip()
match = re.match(r"(\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}:\d{1,2},\d{3})\s*-->\s*(\d{1,2}:\d{1,2}:\d{1,2},\d{3})", time_line)
if match:
start = convert_srt_to_ass_time(match.group(1))
end = convert_srt_to_ass_time(match.group(2))
text = " ".join(lines[2:]).replace("\n", " ")
blocks.append((start, end, text))
return blocks
def parse_ass(filepath):
"""解析 ASS 文件"""
blocks = []
with open(filepath, "r", encoding="utf-8") as f:
lines = f.readlines()
in_events = False
for line in lines:
line = line.strip()
if line.startswith("[Events]"):
in_events = True
continue
if in_events and line.startswith("Dialogue:"):
parts = line[len("Dialogue:"):].strip().split(",", 9)
if len(parts) >= 10:
start = parts[1].strip()
end = parts[2].strip()
text = parts[9].strip()
blocks.append((start, end, text))
return blocks
def tokenize_text(text, function_words):
"""将文本分割为Token对象列表"""
# 使用更精确的分词正则表达式
raw_tokens = re.findall(r'[\w\']+|[.,!?;:"]', text)
tokens = []
for i, raw in enumerate(raw_tokens):
if raw[0].isalnum(): # 单词
clean = re.sub(r"[^\w']+", '', raw).lower()
# raw_tokens = re.findall(r"([\w']+|[.,!?;:'"])(?:\s+|$)", text)
# raw_tokens = re.findall(r"(\b\w+'?\w*\b|[.,!?;:'"])", text)
is_function = clean in function_words
token = Token(raw, is_word=True, is_function=is_function)
if is_function:
token.ipa = function_words[clean]
else:
token.ipa = eng_to_ipa.convert(raw)
# 计算宽度
token.width = get_text_width(raw, normal_font if not is_function else func_font)
token.ipa_width = get_text_width(token.ipa, ipa_font if not is_function else func_font)
# 检查下一个token是否为标点，决定是否需要添加空格
token.next_space = (i + 1 >= len(raw_tokens) or raw_tokens[i + 1][0].isalnum())
else: # 标点符号
token = Token(raw, is_word=False)
token.ipa = raw
token.width = get_text_width(raw, normal_font)
token.ipa_width = get_text_width(raw, ipa_font)
token.next_space = True # 标点后总是添加空格（除非是句子结尾）
tokens.append(token)
return tokens
def calculate_positions(tokens, start_x=100, word_spacing=30):
"""计算每个token的位置，确保适当的间距"""
current_x = start_x
for i, token in enumerate(tokens):
if not token.is_word and i > 0:
# 标点紧跟前一个token
token.x_pos = tokens[i-1].x_pos + tokens[i-1].width
else:
token.x_pos = current_x
# 更新下一个token的起始位置
width = max(token.width, token.ipa_width)
current_x = token.x_pos + width
# 只在需要的地方添加空格
if token.next_space and i < len(tokens) - 1:
current_x += word_spacing
def generate_ass(sub_blocks, function_words, output_path="a_tmp.ass"):
"""生成ASS字幕文件"""
header = """[Script Info]
ScriptType: v4.00+
Collisions: Normal
PlayResX: 1920
PlayResY: 1080
Timer: 100.0000
[V4+ Styles]
Format: Name, Fontname, Fontsize, PrimaryColour, SecondaryColour, OutlineColour, BackColour, Bold, Italic, Underline, StrikeOut, ScaleX, ScaleY, Spacing, Angle, BorderStyle, Outline, Shadow, Alignment, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Encoding
Style: IPA,Arial Unicode MS,30,&H00FFFFFF,&H000000FF,&H00000000,&H00000000,0,0,0,0,100,100,0,0,1,1,0,2,10,10,10,0
Style: Text,Arial Unicode MS,36,&H00FFFFFF,&H000000FF,&H00000000,&H00000000,0,0,0,0,100,100,0,0,1,1,0,2,10,10,10,0
Style: FuncIPA,Arial Unicode MS,28,&H00AAAAAA,&H000000FF,&H00000000,&H00000000,0,0,0,0,100,100,0,0,1,1,0,2,10,10,10,0
Style: FuncText,Arial Unicode MS,28,&H00AAAAAA,&H000000FF,&H00000000,&H00000000,0,0,0,0,100,100,0,0,1,1,0,2,10,10,10,0
[Events]
Format: Layer, Start, End, Style, Name, MarginL, MarginR, MarginV, Effect, Text
"""
events = []
ipa_y = 100
text_y = 140
for block in sub_blocks:
start_time, end_time, text = block
tokens = tokenize_text(text, function_words)
calculate_positions(tokens, start_x=100, word_spacing=30) # 增加了word_spacing
for token in tokens:
if token.is_function:
style_ipa = "FuncIPA"
style_text = "FuncText"
else:
style_ipa = "IPA"
style_text = "Text"
# 去除可能的多余空格
ipa_text = token.ipa.strip()
display_text = token.text.strip()
dialogue_ipa = f"Dialogue: 0,{start_time},{end_time},{style_ipa},,0,0,0,,{{\\pos({token.x_pos},{ipa_y})}}{ipa_text}"
dialogue_text = f"Dialogue: 0,{start_time},{end_time},{style_text},,0,0,0,,{{\\pos({token.x_pos},{text_y})}}{display_text}"
events.append(dialogue_ipa)
events.append(dialogue_text)
# 写入文件
ass_content = header + "\n".join(events)
with open(output_path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
f.write(ass_content)
print(f"ASS文件已生成：{output_path}")
def main():
"""主函数"""
if len(sys.argv) < 2:
print("用法：python script.py <输入字幕文件，支持 .srt 或 .ass>")
sys.exit(1)
input_file = sys.argv[1]
if input_file.lower().endswith(".srt"):
sub_blocks = parse_srt(input_file)
elif input_file.lower().endswith(".ass"):
sub_blocks = parse_ass(input_file)
else:
print("不支持的文件类型，请输入 .srt 或 .ass 文件")
sys.exit(1)
# 加载虚词及其 IPA 表
function_words = load_function_words("function_words.txt")
generate_ass(sub_blocks, function_words)
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
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