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本帖最后由 kangels 于 2013-3-19 10:23 编辑
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丢失的类型信息* x0 t4 k' U" l& h1 w
猜测$ U0 Y+ W( v& s# i, {, I
指针变量应该存储两方面的信息:地址,类型信息/ {. K4 r j0 e+ O. m
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实证
5 W$ M2 F( c, ?. s' I用sizeof(),float *,int*,double *....都是4字节没有存储类型信息只有地址信息6 f) [! g; @% d
反汇编一段代码来看看
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/ [9 _0 N1 s8 }2 x+ }#include <stdio.h> int gi; int * pi; void main(int argc, char **argv) { pi = &gi; *pi = 12; } 1: #include <stdio.h> 2: int gi; 3: int * pi; 4: void main(int argc, char **argv) 5: { 00411370 push ebp 00411371 mov ebp,esp 00411373 sub esp,0C0h 00411379 push ebx 0041137A push esi 0041137B push edi 0041137C lea edi,[ebp+FFFFFF40h] 00411382 mov ecx,30h 00411387 mov eax,0CCCCCCCCh 0041138C rep stos dword ptr es:[edi] 6: pi = &gi; 0041138E mov dword ptr ds:[00417140h],417144h 7: *pi = 12; 00411398 mov eax,dword ptr ds:[00417140h] 0041139D mov dword ptr [eax],0Ch 8: } 004113A3 xor eax,eax 004113A5 pop edi 004113A6 pop esi 004113A7 pop ebx 004113A8 mov esp,ebp 004113AA pop ebp 004113AB ret : M4 M$ q0 y/ B. s, O5 S1 }4 Z
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实例2:
; J1 {; ~0 ^8 O& \+ k#include <stdio.h> short gs; short * ps; void main(int argc, char **argv) { ps = &gs; *ps = 12; }
3 H; k% Y% f/ r( ]$ | 1: #include <stdio.h> 2: short gs; 3: short * ps; 4: void main(int argc, char **argv) 5: { 00411370 push ebp 00411371 mov ebp,esp 00411373 sub esp,0C0h 00411379 push ebx 0041137A push esi 0041137B push edi 0041137C lea edi,[ebp+FFFFFF40h] 00411382 mov ecx,30h 00411387 mov eax,0CCCCCCCCh 0041138C rep stos dword ptr es:[edi] 6: ps = &gs; 0041138E mov dword ptr ds:[00417140h],417144h 7: *ps = 12; 00411398 mov eax,0Ch 0041139D mov ecx,dword ptr ds:[00417140h] 004113A3 mov word ptr [ecx],ax 8: } 004113A6 xor eax,eax 004113A8 pop edi 004113A9 pop esi 004113AA pop ebx 004113AB mov esp,ebp 004113AD pop ebp 004113AE ret 0 X- j' y- @; U- n" V: {
* ]! S# a8 [6 h: Y) K" @' w4 ~实例3:
3 [, U- H# q& @" y) g. ?#include <stdio.h> char gc; char * pc; void main(int argc, char **argv) { pc = &gc; *pc = 12; }
8 n0 u; s0 B; d8 L1 I' d& T1 h- e 1: #include <stdio.h> 2: char gc; 3: char * pc; 4: void main(int argc, char **argv) 5: { 00411370 push ebp 00411371 mov ebp,esp 00411373 sub esp,0C0h 00411379 push ebx 0041137A push esi 0041137B push edi 0041137C lea edi,[ebp+FFFFFF40h] 00411382 mov ecx,30h 00411387 mov eax,0CCCCCCCCh 0041138C rep stos dword ptr es:[edi] 6: pc = &gc; 0041138E mov dword ptr ds:[00417140h],417144h 7: *pc = 12; 00411398 mov eax,dword ptr ds:[00417140h] 0041139D mov byte ptr [eax],0Ch 8: } 004113A0 xor eax,eax 004113A2 pop edi 004113A3 pop esi 004113A4 pop ebx 004113A5 mov esp,ebp 004113A7 pop ebp 004113A8 ret
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可以看出指针的类型信息决定了赋值/读取时读/写多少个字节。 u; r* R* G: y; g# q ?4 I% m
读/写多少字节的信息不是存放在指针变量中,而是放到了与该地址相关的赋值指令中。
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