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本帖最后由 kangels 于 2013-3-19 10:23 编辑
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丢失的类型信息
8 |5 J1 h/ [! A猜测
/ \6 Q$ J# k% o( G- Q. Q% p指针变量应该存储两方面的信息:地址,类型信息
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实证
! V1 b! ?' r" l( C用sizeof(),float *,int*,double *....都是4字节没有存储类型信息只有地址信息8 W$ m) X, H+ o
反汇编一段代码来看看! y z0 j+ i' L% _7 z
实例1:' ~7 U3 g2 t2 r H, h
#include <stdio.h> int gi; int * pi; void main(int argc, char **argv) { pi = &gi; *pi = 12; } 1: #include <stdio.h> 2: int gi; 3: int * pi; 4: void main(int argc, char **argv) 5: { 00411370 push ebp 00411371 mov ebp,esp 00411373 sub esp,0C0h 00411379 push ebx 0041137A push esi 0041137B push edi 0041137C lea edi,[ebp+FFFFFF40h] 00411382 mov ecx,30h 00411387 mov eax,0CCCCCCCCh 0041138C rep stos dword ptr es:[edi] 6: pi = &gi; 0041138E mov dword ptr ds:[00417140h],417144h 7: *pi = 12; 00411398 mov eax,dword ptr ds:[00417140h] 0041139D mov dword ptr [eax],0Ch 8: } 004113A3 xor eax,eax 004113A5 pop edi 004113A6 pop esi 004113A7 pop ebx 004113A8 mov esp,ebp 004113AA pop ebp 004113AB ret
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实例2:. Y9 {* W$ d6 ?6 q
#include <stdio.h> short gs; short * ps; void main(int argc, char **argv) { ps = &gs; *ps = 12; }
& U+ }/ p' G3 y! \" t7 Y$ `& I 1: #include <stdio.h> 2: short gs; 3: short * ps; 4: void main(int argc, char **argv) 5: { 00411370 push ebp 00411371 mov ebp,esp 00411373 sub esp,0C0h 00411379 push ebx 0041137A push esi 0041137B push edi 0041137C lea edi,[ebp+FFFFFF40h] 00411382 mov ecx,30h 00411387 mov eax,0CCCCCCCCh 0041138C rep stos dword ptr es:[edi] 6: ps = &gs; 0041138E mov dword ptr ds:[00417140h],417144h 7: *ps = 12; 00411398 mov eax,0Ch 0041139D mov ecx,dword ptr ds:[00417140h] 004113A3 mov word ptr [ecx],ax 8: } 004113A6 xor eax,eax 004113A8 pop edi 004113A9 pop esi 004113AA pop ebx 004113AB mov esp,ebp 004113AD pop ebp 004113AE ret * O. ]$ ?9 X. s
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实例3:& T. V2 w. a% ~% M' ] t( u' ]
#include <stdio.h> char gc; char * pc; void main(int argc, char **argv) { pc = &gc; *pc = 12; } 0 I! \5 ^0 h7 u
1: #include <stdio.h> 2: char gc; 3: char * pc; 4: void main(int argc, char **argv) 5: { 00411370 push ebp 00411371 mov ebp,esp 00411373 sub esp,0C0h 00411379 push ebx 0041137A push esi 0041137B push edi 0041137C lea edi,[ebp+FFFFFF40h] 00411382 mov ecx,30h 00411387 mov eax,0CCCCCCCCh 0041138C rep stos dword ptr es:[edi] 6: pc = &gc; 0041138E mov dword ptr ds:[00417140h],417144h 7: *pc = 12; 00411398 mov eax,dword ptr ds:[00417140h] 0041139D mov byte ptr [eax],0Ch 8: } 004113A0 xor eax,eax 004113A2 pop edi 004113A3 pop esi 004113A4 pop ebx 004113A5 mov esp,ebp 004113A7 pop ebp 004113A8 ret 9 d$ _$ I; t( Q+ T+ [7 w9 {+ ]) O+ _
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可以看出指针的类型信息决定了赋值/读取时读/写多少个字节。
, E2 H$ w* A3 p8 e2 {9 m读/写多少字节的信息不是存放在指针变量中,而是放到了与该地址相关的赋值指令中。
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