【2017-8-7】每天进步一点点

破渔网兜兜

翻译原文：

Perhaps the most well-known strategy associated with system design is the top-down methodology. The point of this methodology is that one should not try to solve a complex problem in a single step. Instead, one's first stop should be to break the problem into smaller, more manageable subproblems. Then, one should proceed by breaking these subproblems into still smaller problems. In this manner, a complex problem becomes a collection of simpler problems whose solutions collectively solve the original problem.

翻译答案：

也许最著名的系统设计策略就是自顶向下的方法学了。这个方法学的要点就是人们不要试图一下子就将一个复杂问题解决，而是应当将问题分解成更小的、可以管理的子问题。然后，将这些子问题分解成更小的问题。以这种方式，一个复杂的问题变成了相对小的问题的集合，而所有小问题的解决就是原问题的解决。

读完一本书翻译原文：

A cry of lamentation went up. Straw was laid down outside the doors of the farmhouse, and the animals walked on tiptoe. With tears in their eyes they asked one another what they should do if their Leader were taken away from them. A rumour went round that Snowball had after all contrived to introduce poison into Napoleon’s food. At eleven o’clock Squealer came out to make another announcement. As his last act upon earth, Comrade Napoleon had pronounced a solemn decree: the drinking of alcohol was to be punished by death.
By the evening, however, Napoleon appeared to be somewhat better, and the following morning Squealer was able to tell them that he was well on the way to recovery. By the evening of that day Napoleon was back at work, and on the next day it was learned that he had instructed Whymper to purchase in Willingdon some booklets on brewing and distilling. A week later Napoleon gave orders that the small paddock beyond the orchard, which it had previously been intended to set aside as a grazing-ground for animals who were past work, was to be ploughed up. It was given out that the pasture was exhausted and needed re-seeding; but it soon became known that Napoleon intended to sow it with barley.

翻译答案：

一阵哀嚎油然而起。庄主院门外铺着草甸，于是，动物们踮着蹄尖从那儿走过。他们眼中含着热泪，相互之间总是询问：要是他们的领袖拿破仑离开了，他们可该怎么办。庄园里此刻到处都在风传，说斯诺鲍最终还是设法把毒药掺到拿破仑的食物中了。十一点，斯奎拉出来发布另一项公告，说是拿破仑同志在弥留之际宣布了一项神圣的法令：饮酒者要处死刑。  

  　可是到了傍晚，拿破仑显得有些好转，次日早上，斯奎拉就告诉他们说拿破仑正在顺利康复。即日夜晚，拿破仑又重新开始工作了。又过了一天，动物们才知道，他早先让温普尔在威灵顿买了一些有关蒸馏及酿造酒类方面的小册子。一周后，拿破仑下令， 叫把苹果园那边的小牧场耕锄掉。那牧场原先是打算为退休动物留作草场用的，现在却说牧草已耗尽，需要重新耕种；但不久以后便真相大白了，拿破仑准备在那儿播种大麦。

       翻译篇（每次翻译的量都不会很大，全部翻译才有奖励哦）


非计算机方向系列：读完一本书(这是一本经典书籍，里面的每一个单词都值得查阅)



       每日一句
I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it.
我不同意你说的话，但我会誓死捍卫你说话的权利。 （刮刮乐，挂出大奖）

WeiChat阿威

这样的决断，让大伙儿都很费解。一晚，大概是十二点的时候，一声巨大的响声出现在田野上，动物们听到声响都冲出了自己的棚舍。在一个月圆之夜。在大谷仓尽头的墙壁上，写着七大原则的地方，有一个摔成两截的梯子。Squealer愣愣的摔倒在旁边，手里还拿着一个有白色漆的刷子。狗立刻就将Squealer保护了起来，在他能行动的时候，慢慢护着他走向农舍。动物们都一下子脑子短了路，除了老本杰明外，本杰明对着空气打了一下鼻响，看起来像是明白了些什么，但什么都没说。
一会儿之后，茉莉读了一下七大原则，发现和动物们之前的记忆又起了冲突。他们记得第五原则是，动物们不许喝酒，但，现在这段话后面多了两个字，变成了，动物们不许过量喝酒。

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这种从上到下的设计倾向于一种精简的层级系统，经常可以直接看作是一种模块化的结构，而且这个结构可以和命令式编程语言兼容。
解决最小层的问题其实就是实现为完成简单任务的程序代码，这些程序代码经常被当作静态工具来使用，被父类模块调用来解决
系统中更加复杂的问题。


动物农场：
这个时候动物们发现了一件没有人能明白的一件事情。一天晚上12点的样子，院子里传来了一声响亮的碎裂声，动物们都冲到了外面，
那天晚上月亮很亮，在谷仓尽头的墙角下，也就是写着七戒律的那个地方，那里躺着一把梯子，断成了两段。
squealer不知所措，笨拙的靠在梯子傍边，手边放着一盏灯，一只画笔，还有一桶打翻的白色油漆。
狗马上把它围了起来，squealer能走路了就把它送到了农场主房子里。动物们都不知道这是什么意思，只有本杰明，他得意地点了点头，
看上去理解了其中的意味，但是什么都没有说。
但是过了几天，muriel自己读七戒律的时候，发现还有一些其他的动物们记错的戒律。
他们以前认为第五条戒律是‘任何动物都不能喝酒’，但是现在有两个他们忘记的单词。实际上，戒律应该是‘任何动物不能过量喝酒’


I disapprove of what you say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it.
虽然我步认同你说的话，但是我会誓死保卫你发言的权利。

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自上而下的设计结果趋向成为一个细化分层次的系统，这种系统通常可以直接转化为
模块化结构，即与命令编程范式相兼容。层次结构中最小问题的解变成程序性模块，
它执行一个简单的任务并通过更多更高的模块将此用作为抽象工具来解决系统中更多
复杂问题。